The combined bioceramic of selenium (Se) and hydroxyapatite (HA) has been considered as a moderate bone scaffold biomaterial. In the present work, Se was doped into the HA structure using the mechano-chemical alloying (MCA) method for the improvement of osteogenic properties of HA. HA extracted from fish bone and Se-doped hydroxyapatite (Se-HA) were analyzed using X-ray diffraction spectra (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersion X-ray spectrometer (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). In-vitro cell responses on the Se-HA bioceramic scaffold were investigated using human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAD-MSCs). The effect of Se on cell proliferation was studied by MTT assay, and cell adhesion responses were analyzed by optical microscopy and SEM. Furthermore, the effect of Se on osteogenic properties of HA was studied by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, alizarin red S (ARS) staining, and Western blot tests. The MTT results showed that the Se dopant synergistically increases the proliferation of hAD-MSCs. Moreover, good cell-adhesive and osteoblast-shaped behaviors were observed on the Se-HA scaffold. The results of osteogenic differentiation demonstrated synergistically enhanced ALP activity and calcification on the Se dopant compared to HA. Also, the results of Western blot test presented that the differentiation of hAD-MSCs toward being a bone tissue was increased by up to 50% while selenium doping. Additional MTT analysis using Human Bone Osteosarcoma cell line (KHOS-240S) revealed the antiproliferative activity of the Se-HA scaffold against bone cancerous cells. Therefore, it has been concluded that Se-HA bioceramic can be employed as a scaffold with simultaneous anticancer and bone regenerative properties.

中文翻译：

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硒掺杂羟基磷灰石作为骨支架的成骨促进作用。

硒 (Se) 和羟基磷灰石 (HA) 的组合生物陶瓷被认为是一种温和的骨支架生物材料。在目前的工作中，使用机械化学合金化 (MCA) 方法将硒掺杂到 HA 结构中，以改善 HA 的成骨特性。使用 X 射线衍射光谱 (XRD)、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)、能量色散 X 射线光谱仪 (EDX) 和傅里叶变换红外光谱分析从鱼骨中提取的 HA 和掺硒羟基磷灰石 (Se-HA)。红外光谱）。使用人脂肪来源的间充质干细胞 (hAD-MSC) 研究了 Se-HA 生物陶瓷支架上的体外细胞反应。通过MTT法研究Se对细胞增殖的影响，并通过光学显微镜和SEM分析细胞粘附反应。此外，通过碱性磷酸酶 (ALP) 活性、茜素红 S (ARS) 染色和蛋白质印迹试验研究了硒对 HA 成骨特性的影响。MTT结果显示Se掺杂剂协同增加hAD-MSC的增殖。此外，在 Se-HA 支架上观察到良好的细胞粘附和成骨细胞形状行为。成骨分化的结果表明，与 HA 相比，Se 掺杂剂上的 ALP 活性和钙化协同增强。此外，蛋白质印迹测试的结果表明，在硒掺杂时，hAD-MSCs 向骨组织的分化增加了 50%。使用人骨骨肉瘤细胞系 (KHOS-240S) 进行的额外 MTT 分析揭示了 Se-HA 支架对骨癌细胞的抗增殖活性。所以，