Magnesium (Mg) is the second most frequent intracellular cation in humans with a critical role in insulin metabolism and glucoregulation. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) often present with insulin resistance and impaired glucoregulatory status; however, their Mg status remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate serum Mg concentration in women with PCOS and compare it with that of controls without PCOS. Online databases of PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and ISI Web of Science were searched for studies evaluating the relationship between Mg concentrations and PCOS status until October 2019. Pooled weighted mean differences (WMDs) of serum Mg levels were calculated using random effects models. A total of eight studies (10 arms; n = 2026 women) were included. Pooled effect sizes, expressed as WMD and 95% CI, revealed decreased serum Mg concentrations in women with PCOS compared with controls (− 0.09 (− 0.17, − 0.02) mmol/L; P = 0.01). However, significant heterogeneity was detected across the studies (I ² = 98.0%, P < 0.001). Despite the classification of studies based on baseline BMI classes, we did not detect the potential source of the observed heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis showed that overweight and obese women (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m², 0.07 mmol/L (− 0.14, − 0.01); P = 0.02) with PCOS had lower magnesium concentrations than normal women (BMI < 25 kg/m², − 0.11 (− 0.25, 0.04) mmol/L; P = 0.14) compared with the control group. Serum Mg concentrations appear to be declined in overweight or obese women with PCOS, which may warrant screening and management of Mg status in this clinical population. High-quality studies are needed to elucidate the relationship between Mg concentrations and the development of PCOS.

镁（Mg）是人类中第二常见的细胞内阳离子，在胰岛素代谢和糖调节中起关键作用。多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）的女性常表现为胰岛素抵抗和糖调节异常。但是，它们的镁状态仍不清楚。因此，我们旨在进行系统的回顾和荟萃分析，以评估患有PCOS的女性的血清Mg浓度，并将其与没有PCOS的对照进行比较。搜索PubMed，Scopus，Cochrane图书馆和ISI Web of Science的在线数据库，以评估镁浓度与PCOS状态之间的关系，直至2019年10月。使用随机效应模型计算血清Mg水平的加权加权平均差异（WMD）。总共八项研究（10臂；n = 2026名女性）。汇总的效应量表示为WMD和95％CI，与对照组相比，PCOS妇女的血清Mg浓度降低（-0.09（-0.17，-0.02）mmol / L；P  = 0.01）。然而，在整个研究中检测到显着的异质性（I ²  = 98.0％，P  <0.001）。尽管根据基线BMI类对研究进行了分类，但我们没有发现观察到的异质性的潜在来源。亚组分析表明，超重和肥胖的妇女（BMI≥25公斤/米²，0.07毫摩尔/ L（ - 0.14， - 0.01）; P  = 0.02）与PCOS具有较低镁浓度高于正常妇女（BMI <25公斤/米²，-0.11（-0.25，0.04）mmol / L; P = 0.14）与对照组相比。患有PCOS的超重或肥胖女性的血清Mg浓度似乎下降，这可能需要筛查和管理该临床人群中的Mg状况。需要高质量的研究来阐明镁浓度与PCOS发生之间的关系。