当前位置: X-MOL 学术Psychology and Aging › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Age differences in the precision of memory at short and long delays.
Psychology and Aging ( IF 4.201 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-17 , DOI: 10.1037/pag0000565
Stephen Rhodes 1 , Emily E Abbene 1 , Ashley M Meierhofer 1 , Moshe Naveh-Benjamin 1
Affiliation  

Age differences are well established for many memory tasks assessing both short-term and long-term memory. However, how age differences in performance vary with increasing delay between study and test is less clear. Here, we report two experiments in which participants studied a continuous sequence of object-location pairings. Test events were intermixed such that participants were asked to recall the precise location of an object following a variable delay. Older adults exhibit a greater degree of error (distance between studied and recalled locations) relative to younger adults at short (0-2 intervening events) and longer delays (10-25 intervening events). Mixture modeling of the distribution of recall error suggests that older adults do not fail to recall information at a significantly higher rate than younger adults. Instead, what they do recall appears to be less precise. Follow-up analyses demonstrated that this age difference emerges following only one or two intervening events between study and test. These findings are consistent with the suggestion that aging does not greatly impair recall from the focus of attention but that age differences emerge once information is displaced from this highly accessible state. Further, we suggest that age differences in the precision of memory, but not the probability of successful recall, may be due to the use of more gist-like representations in this task. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译:

在短期和长期延迟中,内存精度的年龄差异。

对于许多评估短期和长期记忆的记忆任务,年龄差异是公认的。然而,尚不清楚年龄的表现差异如何随着研究和测试之间的延迟增加而变化。在这里,我们报告两个实验,其中参与者研究了对象-位置配对的连续序列。测试事件混合在一起,因此要求参与者在可变的延迟后回忆对象的精确位置。与年轻人相比,在短时间(0-2次介入事件)和较长的延迟(10-25次介入事件)上,老年人表现出更大的误差(研究位置和召回位置之间的距离)。召回误差分布的混合模型表明,老年人与年轻人相比,不会以明显更高的比率召回信息。代替,他们回忆的内容似乎不太准确。后续分析表明,这种年龄差异是在研究和测试之间仅发生一两次干预事件之后出现的。这些发现与这样的建议是一致的:衰老不会极大地影响人们对注意力的记忆,但是一旦信息从这种高度可访问的状态中消失,年龄差异就会出现。此外,我们建议记忆精度的年龄差异,而不是成功回忆的概率,可能是由于在此任务中使用了更多类似要点的表示形式。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2020 APA,保留所有权利)。这些发现与这样的建议是一致的:衰老不会极大地影响人们对注意力的记忆,但是一旦信息从这种高度可访问的状态中消失,年龄差异就会出现。此外,我们建议记忆精度的年龄差异,而不是成功回忆的概率,可能是由于在此任务中使用了更多类似要点的表示形式。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2020 APA,保留所有权利)。这些发现与这样的建议是一致的:衰老不会极大地影响人们对注意力的记忆,但是一旦信息从这种高度可访问的状态中消失,年龄差异就会出现。此外,我们建议记忆精度的年龄差异,而不是成功回忆的概率,可能是由于在此任务中使用了更多类似要点的表示形式。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2020 APA,保留所有权利)。
更新日期:2020-08-17
down
wechat
bug