Abstract The flow and heat transfer characteristics of a droplet obliquely impact on a stationary liquid film is numerically studied by using a coupled level set and volume of fluid method (CLSVOF). The effects of impact angle, Weber number, and film thickness are analyzed. As compared with the normal impact, the flow features and surface heat flux distribution for oblique impact are asymmetric and where the secondary droplets only can be observed on one side. Corresponding mechanisms have also been interpreted. The maximum value of the local surface heat flux decreases and moves to the right with the increase in impact angle, while the minimum local surface heat flux on both sides increases as the impact angle increases. With a greater Weber number or a thinner film thickness, the maximum local surface heat flux is higher, while the minimum local surface heat flux on both sides appears to be an opposite trend. In addition, the impact angle has little effect on the average surface heat flux.

中文翻译：

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液滴斜向撞击静止液膜的流动和传热特性

摘要 利用耦合水平集和流体体积法(CLSVOF)，数值研究了液滴斜向撞击静止液膜的流动和传热特性。分析了冲击角、韦伯数和薄膜厚度的影响。与正常撞击相比，斜向撞击的流动特征和表面热通量分布是不对称的，并且只能在一侧观察到二次液滴。相应的机制也得到了解释。局部表面热通量的最大值随着撞击角度的增加而减小并向右移动，而两侧的局部表面热通量的最小值随着撞击角度的增加而增加。韦伯数越大或膜厚越薄，最大局部表面热通量越高，而两侧的最小局部表面热通量似乎是相反的趋势。此外，撞击角对平均表面热通量影响不大。