The electromagnetic field ground state, a zero-energy cosmic field permeating all of space, issues naturally from Maxwell’s electromagnetic theory and its fluctuations may generate transient photons conferring a physical solution to the vacuum energy scale problem. They are more significant at long wavelengths underlying principally the low frequency up to infrared cosmic radiation background. Assuming an exponentially decreasing probability with increasing frequency for the fluctuating photons the obtained vacuum energy density is in agreement with the astrophysical observations. Consequently, the electromagnetic field ground state fluctuations might be the principal component of the dark energy considered responsible for the observed cosmic acceleration.

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真空电磁能量密度——对真空能量尺度问题的物理理解

电磁场基态，一个渗透整个空间的零能量宇宙场，自然地来自麦克斯韦的电磁理论，其波动可能会产生瞬态光子，从而为真空能量尺度问题提供物理解决方案。它们在主要是低频至红外宇宙辐射背景的长波长下更为显着。假设波动光子的频率随着频率的增加呈指数下降，则获得的真空能量密度与天体物理学观察结果一致。因此，电磁场基态波动可能是暗能量的主要成分，被认为是造成观测到的宇宙加速的原因。