To overcome the shortcomings of the Bouc–Wen model, such as too many parameters, complex identification process, and long time consuming, the sensitivity of parameters was analyzed. A Bouc–Wen optimum model with sensitive parameters to guarantee calculating accuracy was established. First, according to the results of the magnetorheological damper’s mechanical property test, the sensitivity of Bouc–Wen model’s parameters was analyzed by the one-at-a-time method. Optimization of the Bouc–Wen model was completed. Second, the parameters of the Bouc–Wen optimum model were identified under three harmonic excitations. Compared with the original Bouc–Wen model, the differences of calculation accuracy were 0.0055, 0.0007, and 0.0070 respectively. And the convergence rate of the fitness function for parameter identification increased by 67.89%, 49.94%, and 67.24%, respectively. And the iteration time of 1000 iterations was shortened by 36.52%, 25.95%, and 64.11%, respectively. It indicates that the Bouc–Wen optimum model had higher efficiency and certain accuracy in parameter identification process. Then, the calculation accuracy of Bouc–Wen optimum model with independent and coupled mean parameters were analyzed respectively. Finally, the parameters of the Bouc–Wen optimum model and current were fitted by the least square method. The results showed that the Bouc–Wen optimum model can accurately and efficiently simulate the dynamic characteristics of magnetorheological dampers.

为了克服Bouc-Wen模型的缺点，如参数过多，识别过程复杂以及耗时长，对参数的敏感性进行了分析。建立具有敏感参数的Bouc–Wen最优模型，以确保计算精度。首先，根据磁流变阻尼器的机械性能测试结果，一次一次分析了Bouc–Wen模型参数的灵敏度。Bouc–Wen模型的优化已完成。其次，在三次谐波激励下确定了Bouc–Wen最优模型的参数。与原始的Bouc–Wen模型相比，计算精度的差异分别为0.0055、0.0007和0.0070。参数识别适应度函数的收敛速度分别提高了67.89％，49.94％，和67.24％。并且1000次迭代的迭代时间分别缩短了36.52％，25.95％和64.11％。这表明Bouc–Wen最优模型在参数辨识过程中具有较高的效率和一定的精度。然后，分别分析了具有独立参数和耦合平均参数的Bouc–Wen最优模型的计算精度。最后，通过最小二乘法拟合Bouc–Wen最优模型的参数和电流。结果表明，Bouc–Wen最优模型可以准确有效地模拟磁流变阻尼器的动力学特性。这表明Bouc–Wen最优模型在参数识别过程中具有较高的效率和一定的准确性。然后，分别分析了具有独立参数和耦合平均参数的Bouc–Wen最优模型的计算精度。最后，通过最小二乘法拟合Bouc–Wen最优模型的参数和电流。结果表明，Bouc–Wen最优模型可以准确有效地模拟磁流变阻尼器的动力学特性。这表明Bouc–Wen最优模型在参数识别过程中具有较高的效率和一定的准确性。然后，分别分析了具有独立参数和耦合平均参数的Bouc–Wen最优模型的计算精度。最后，通过最小二乘法拟合Bouc–Wen最优模型和电流的参数。结果表明，Bouc–Wen最优模型可以准确有效地模拟磁流变阻尼器的动力学特性。