SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics, Volume 80, Issue 5, Page 2024-2044, January 2020.
We investigate the relaxation of an energy functional that originated in the physics literature to study the bistability of polarization modulated orthogonal smectic phases ${SmAP}_{{\tiny Fmod}}$ of bent-core molecule liquid crystals. We show that the interplay between the mixed boundary conditions and the shape of the sample results in boundary defects. We also analyze the bistable switching due to an applied electric field via gradient flow numerical simulations. Our computations reveal a novel dynamic scenario, where switching is achieved by the formation of two internal vortices.

中文翻译：

---

偏振调制正交近晶液晶中的边界涡形成

SIAM应用数学杂志，第80卷，第5期，第2024-2044页，2020年1月。
我们研究了起源于物理学文献的能量函数的弛豫，以研究偏振调制正交近晶相$ {SmAP} _ { {\ tiny Fmod}} $弯曲核分子液晶。我们表明，混合边界条件和样品形状之间的相互作用会导致边界缺陷。我们还通过梯度流数值模拟分析了由于施加电场而产生的双稳态开关。我们的计算揭示了一种新颖的动态场景，其中通过形成两个内部涡流来实现切换。