Craters are the most prevalent basins and potential depocenters of sediment on Mars. Within these craters and extending from them, terminal dune fields and wind streaks are abundant, indicating active sediment transport and providing a way to study how wind and sediment interact with crater topography. Here we explore the role of craters as both sources and sinks in the modern Martian sedimentary cycle. Our results show that craters with low albedo wind streaks (indicative of sediment transport out of a crater and downwind dust removal) have lower crater wall slopes (9.4° ± 5.5°) compared to craters without wind streaks (17° ± 5.8°). We interpret that crater wall slopes play a dominant role in whether sediment is transported out of a crater basin and infer, from measurements of craters on Mars, that a crater transitions from being a net sediment sink to a net sediment source when crater wall slopes decrease to ~15°. This threshold value is consistent with limits of bedform climb observed on Earth and elsewhere on Mars.

中文翻译：

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火星阿拉伯地内的圈内沉积物诱集和运输

火山口是火星上最普遍的盆地和沉积物潜在的沉积中心。在这些火山口内并从其延伸，末端的沙丘场和风纹丰富，表明活跃的泥沙输送，并提供了一种研究风沙与火山口地形相互作用的方式。在这里，我们探讨了陨石坑在现代火星沉积周期中既作为源又作为汇的作用。我们的结果表明，与没有风条纹的火山口（17°±5.8°）相比，具有低反照率风条纹的火山口（表明沉积物从火山口中运出并顺风除尘）具有较低的火山口壁坡度（9.4°±5.5°）。我们解释说，火山口壁的坡度在沉积物是否从火山口盆地运出并从火星上火山口的测量推断中起着主要作用，当火山口壁的倾斜度降低到约15°时，火山口会从一个净沉积物汇变成一个净沉积物源。该阈值与在地球上以及在火星上其他地方观察到的岩床爬升极限一致。