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Past, Present, and Future of Soft-Tissue Prosthetics: Advanced Polymers and Advanced Manufacturing.
Advanced Materials ( IF 27.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-09 , DOI: 10.1002/adma.202001122
Sean K Powell 1 , Rena L J Cruz 1 , Maureen T Ross 1 , Maria A Woodruff 1
Affiliation  

Millions of people worldwide experience disfigurement due to cancers, congenital defects, or trauma, leading to significant psychological, social, and economic disadvantage. Prosthetics aim to reduce their suffering by restoring aesthetics and function using synthetic materials that mimic the characteristics of native tissue. In the 1900s, natural materials used for thousands of years in prosthetics were replaced by synthetic polymers bringing about significant improvements in fabrication and greater realism and utility. These traditional methods have now been disrupted by the advanced manufacturing revolution, radically changing the materials, methods, and nature of prosthetics. In this report, traditional synthetic polymers and advanced prosthetic materials and manufacturing techniques are discussed, including a focus on prosthetic material degradation. New manufacturing approaches and future technological developments are also discussed in the context of specific tissues requiring aesthetic restoration, such as ear, nose, face, eye, breast, and hand. As advanced manufacturing moves from research into clinical practice, prosthetics can begin new age to significantly improve the quality of life for those suffering tissue loss or disfigurement.

中文翻译:

软组织假体的过去,现在和未来:高级聚合物和先进制造。

由于癌症,先天性缺陷或创伤,全球数百万人遭受毁容,导致严重的心理,社会和经济不利。假肢旨在通过使用模仿天然组织特征的合成材料来恢复美学和功能,以减轻其痛苦。在1900年代,人造材料中使用了数千年的天然材料被合成聚合物所取代,从而大大改善了制造工艺,并提高了真实感和实用性。现在,这些传统方法已被先进的制造革命所破坏,从根本上改变了假肢的材料,方法和性质。在本报告中,讨论了传统的合成聚合物,先进的修复材料和制造技术,包括对修复材料降解的关注。还针对需要美学修复的特定组织(例如耳朵,鼻子,面部,眼睛,乳房和手),讨论了新的制造方法和未来的技术发展。随着先进制造技术从研究转向临床实践,假肢可以开始新的时代,从而显着改善组织丧失或毁容的人们的生活质量。
更新日期:2020-10-20
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