The usage patterns of EVs is a great concern in Shanghai as the city with the largest number of EVs. Their usage patterns are investigated based on time series association and segmentation of historical static EV data from the real world. The results show that both BEV and PHEV are mostly used as commuting vehicles with an average speed of EVs of less than 25 km/h and about 80% of EVs travel within 60 km per day. Although there is no big difference between the speed of EVs and other models during the morning and evening rush hours, low-speed EVs have a significant environmental advantage over fuel vehicles. About 30% EVs have a relatively concentrated charging time between 21:00–24:00 while PHEVs with small battery capacity still present a small charging peak at about 9:00 in the morning in order to continue to travel with electricity on the way home. The charging locations in urban center are more intensive than those in suburban areas and EVs are charged more frequently in summer than in winter. It is necessary to optimize the layout of charging piles and orderly charging of EVs in the case of no capacity expansion of power transmission and distribution lines. The actual electricity consumption per 100 km of BEV or PHEV is greater than that provided by the manufacturer due to air conditioning energy consumption and complex driving conditions. The results are helpful to promote the development of EVs and layout of charging piles.

电动汽车的使用方式在上海作为电动汽车数量最多的城市备受关注。根据时间序列关联和对来自现实世界的历史静态EV数据的分段，研究了它们的使用模式。结果表明，BEV和PHEV都被普遍用作通勤车辆，平均EV速度低于25 km / h，每天约有80％的EV在60 km内行驶。尽管在早上和晚上的高峰时段，电动汽车与其他型号的速度没有太大差异，但低速电动汽车比燃油汽车具有明显的环境优势。约30％的EV在21:00至24:00之间有相对集中的充电时间，而具有小电池容量的PHEV仍在约9时呈现较小的充电峰值：凌晨00点继续在回家的路上带电旅行。与郊区相比，城市中心的充电地点更加密集，夏季电动汽车的充电频率要高于冬季。在输配电线路不扩容的情况下，有必要优化充电桩的布局和对电动汽车的有序充电。由于空调能耗和复杂的行驶条件，每100公里BEV或PHEV的实际耗电量大于制造商提供的电量。研究结果有助于促进电动汽车的发展和充电桩的布局。在输配电线路不扩容的情况下，有必要优化充电桩的布局和对电动汽车的有序充电。由于空调能耗和复杂的行驶条件，每100公里BEV或PHEV的实际耗电量大于制造商提供的电量。研究结果有助于促进电动汽车的发展和充电桩的布局。在输配电线路不扩容的情况下，有必要优化充电桩的布局和对电动汽车的有序充电。由于空调能耗和复杂的行驶条件，每100公里BEV或PHEV的实际耗电量大于制造商提供的电量。研究结果有助于促进电动汽车的发展和充电桩的布局。