This paper reviews and analyzes technological design options, which have become available to date for BIPV systems on roofs and facades, independently of specific products or building projects. This means that this survey does not analyze existing products or realized buildings, but provides an overview of the technologies for BIPV. The starting point is an analysis of the relevance of BIPV technologies for the decarbonization of energy systems, providing energy for direct use of electricity and sector coupling together with an analysis of the German BIPV market. The paper presents the wide range of technical design options for BIPV systems and categorizes and analyzes them to provide a structured overview. This comprises a detailed analysis of the design options for BIPV modules, in which not only the design options for the PV cell layer were comprehensively investigated, but also the different variants of embedding materials, front and rear cover materials, additional interlayers and electrical module layout. Two fundamental module-level design options were investigated in particular detail: The use of PV cells as basic elements of patterns and the use of color to conceal the PV cells. Subsequently, options for the design of complete electrical systems are reviewed, ranging from sub-module level design parameters to building energy systems. Design options for the constructional integration of BIPV modules in the building envelope complete the review of technological design possibilities.

中文翻译：

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光伏建筑一体化（BIPV）技术设计方案审查


本文回顾并分析了迄今为止可用于屋顶和立面 BIPV 系统的技术设计方案，与特定产品或建筑项目无关。这意味着本次调查不会分析现有产品或已实现的建筑，而是提供 BIPV 技术的概述。出发点是分析 BIPV 技术与能源系统脱碳、为直接使用电力和部门耦合提供能源的相关性，以及对德国 BIPV 市场的分析。本文介绍了 BIPV 系统的广泛技术设计选项，并对它们进行了分类和分析，以提供结构化的概述。这包括对 BIPV 模块设计方案的详细分析，其中不仅全面研究了光伏电池层的设计方案，还研究了嵌入材料、前后盖材料、附加中间层和电气模块布局的不同变体。对两个基本的模块级设计选项进行了特别详细的研究：使用光伏电池作为图案的基本元素以及使用颜色来隐藏光伏电池。随后，对完整电气系统的设计选项进行了审查，范围从子模块级设计参数到建筑能源系统。建筑围护结构中 BIPV 模块结构集成的设计选项完成了对技术设计可能性的审查。