Abstract Flammable liquid fuels are potential candidates to replace hydrazine derivatives as hypergolic fuel and to promote ignition and combustion of high-density fuels as additives. Here 1,4-dicyclopropylbuta-1,3-diyne (DCPB) with high density (0.932 g/mL) and net heating value (42.47 MJ/kg) was synthesized by simple copper-catalyzed alkyne coupling reaction. As hypergolic fuel, DCPB has a short ignition delay time of 19 ± 0.11 ms when contacting with fuming nitric acid. The calculated enthalpy of formation (ΔfH) of DCPB and specific impulse (Isp) using O2(L), N2O4(L) and HNO3(L) as oxidants are 499.2 kJ/mol, 394.7 s, 355.4 s and 334.7 s, respectively, much higher than that of hydrazine (50.9 kJ/mol, 379.0 s, 350.2 s and 333.5 s). The high Isp and short ignition delay time supported DCPB can be used as hypergolic fuel. As ignition additive, high temperature droplet plate and shock tube tests confirm that DCPB is effective to reduce the ignition delay time and lower the apparent ignition activation energy of high-density fuels like JP-10. Therefore, DCPB can be used as potential hypergolic fuel and ignition additive of high-density fuel.

中文翻译：

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高密度易燃碳氢化合物作为潜在自燃燃料的合成及高密度燃料点火添加剂

摘要 易燃液体燃料是替代肼衍生物作为自燃燃料以及作为添加剂促进高密度燃料点火和燃烧的潜在候选者。在这里，通过简单的铜催化炔烃偶联反应合成了具有高密度 (0.932 g/mL) 和净热值 (42.47 MJ/kg) 的 1,4-dicyclopropylbuta-1,3-diyne (DCPB)。作为自燃燃料，DCPB 与发烟硝酸接触时的点火延迟时间很短，为 19±0.11 ms。使用O2(L)、N2O4(L)和HNO3(L)作为氧化剂计算的DCPB的生成焓(ΔfH)和比冲(Isp)分别为499.2 kJ/mol、394.7 s、355.4 s和334.7 s，远高于肼（50.9 kJ/mol、379.0 s、350.2 s和333.5 s）。支持高 Isp 和短点火延迟时间的 DCPB 可用作自燃燃料。作为点火添加剂，高温液滴板和激波管测试证实 DCPB 可有效减少 JP-10 等高密度燃料的点火延迟时间并降低表观点火激活能。因此，DCPB可作为潜在的自燃燃料和高密度燃料的点火添加剂。