Background

Foliage residue decline data are used to refine the risk assessment for herbivorous birds and mammals foraging in fields treated with plant protection products. For evaluation, current EFSA guidance has a clear focus on single-first order (SFO) kinetic models. However, other kinetic models are well established in other areas of environmental risk evaluations (e.g., soil residue assessment), and easy-to-use calculation tools have become available now. We provide case studies with 6 fungicides how such evaluations can be conducted with two of these tools (KinGUII and TREC) that have been developed by Bayer.

Results

SFO kinetics provided the best fits only for 13 of 36 residue decline studies conducted in a standardized design under field conditions. Biphasic models (double first order in parallel, hockey stick) were often superior and sometimes more conservative for risk assessment. The additional effort is manageable when using software such as KinGUII and TREC, and appears justified by the more reliable outcome of the evaluations.

Conclusions

Further research would be useful to better assess the extent to which non-SFO better fits foliage residue decline, but our study suggests that it may be a significant proportion. Therefore, we encourage the use of biphasic models in the regulatory risk assessment for herbivorous birds and mammals, in the ongoing revision of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) guidance document from 2009.

中文翻译：

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使用KinGUII和TREC评估植物残留量下降数据：涉及非SFO动力学模型的案例研究结果

背景

使用叶面残留物减少数据来完善草食鸟类和哺乳动物在用植物保护产品处理过的田地中觅食的风险评估。为了进行评估，目前的EFSA指南明确将重点放在单一阶（SFO）动力学模型上。但是，其他动力学模型已经在环境风险评估的其他领域（例如土壤残留物评估）中得到了很好的建立，并且易于使用的计算工具现在已经可用。我们提供6种杀菌剂的案例研究，如何使用拜耳开发的其中两种工具（KinGUII和TREC）进行此类评估。

结果

SFO动力学仅在野外条件下以标准化设计进行的36个残留物减少研究中的13个提供了最佳拟合。在风险评估中，双相模型（平行双第一阶，曲棍球杆）通常更好，有时更保守。使用诸如KinGUII和TREC之类的软件时，额外的工作是可管理的，并且由于评估结果更加可靠而显得合理。

结论

进一步的研究将有助于更好地评估非SFO更适合叶面残留物下降的程度，但我们的研究表明，这可能是一个很大的比例。因此，在2009年对欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）指导文件进行的修订中，我们鼓励在对草食性鸟类和哺乳动物进行监管风险评估中使用双相模型。