The goal of the present investigation is to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between SARS-CoV-2 infected and normal control samples to investigate the molecular mechanisms of infection with SARS-CoV-2. The microarray data of the dataset E-MTAB-8871 were retrieved from the ArrayExpress database. Pathway and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment study, protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, modules, target gene–miRNA regulatory network, and target gene–TF regulatory network have been performed. Subsequently, the key genes were validated using an analysis of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. In SARS-CoV-2 infection, a total of 324 DEGs (76 up- and 248 down-regulated genes) were identified and enriched in a number of associated SARS-CoV-2 infection pathways and GO terms. Hub and target genes such as TP53, HRAS, MAPK11, RELA, IKZF3, IFNAR2, SKI, TNFRSF13C, JAK1, TRAF6, KLRF2, CD1A were identified from PPI network, target gene–miRNA regulatory network, and target gene–TF regulatory network. Study of the ROC showed that ten genes (CCL5, IFNAR2, JAK2, MX1, STAT1, BID, CD55, CD80, HAL-B, and HLA-DMA) were substantially involved in SARS-CoV-2 patients. The present investigation identified key genes and pathways that deepen our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and could be used for SARS-CoV-2 infection as diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers.

本研究的目的是鉴定SARS-CoV-2感染与正常对照样品之间的差异表达基因（DEG），以研究SARS-CoV-2感染的分子机制。从ArrayExpress数据库检索数据集E-MTAB-8871的微阵列数据。进行了途径和基因本体论（GO）富集研究，蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）网络，模块，目标基因-miRNA调控网络和目标基因-TF调控网络。随后，通过对接收器工作特性（ROC）曲线的分析来验证关键基因。在SARS-CoV-2感染中，共鉴定了324个DEG（76个上调基因和248个下调基因），并丰富了许多相关的SARS-CoV-2感染途径和GO术语。集线器和目标基因，例如TP53，HRAS，MAPK11，RELA，IKZF3，IFNAR2，SKI，TNFRSF13C，JAK1，TRAF6，KLRF2，CD1A是从PPI网络，靶基因–miRNA调控网络和靶基因–TF调控网络中鉴定出来的。ROC的研究表明，SARS-CoV-2患者实质上涉及了十个基因（CCL5，IFNAR2，JAK2，MX1，STAT1，BID，CD55，CD80，HAL-B和HLA-DMA）。本研究确定了关键基因和途径，加深了我们对SARS-CoV-2感染的分子机制的理解，可用于SARS-CoV-2感染作为诊断和治疗生物标志物。和HLA-DMA）实质上参与了SARS-CoV-2患者。本研究确定了关键基因和途径，加深了我们对SARS-CoV-2感染的分子机制的了解，可用于SARS-CoV-2感染作为诊断和治疗生物标志物。和HLA-DMA）实质上参与了SARS-CoV-2患者。本研究确定了关键基因和途径，加深了我们对SARS-CoV-2感染的分子机制的了解，可用于SARS-CoV-2感染作为诊断和治疗生物标志物。