Anisakis simplex, Pseudoterranova decipiens, and Contracaecum osculatum third-stage larvae (L3) are fish-borne nematodes that can cause human anisakidosis. Although A. simplex is a known source of allergens, knowledge about the allergic potential of P. decipiens and C. osculatum is limited. Therefore, we performed comparative proteomic profiling of A. simplex, P. decipiens, and C. osculatum L3 larvae using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. In total, 645, 397, and 261 proteins were detected in A. simplex, P. decipiens, and C. osculatum L3 larvae, respectively. Western blot analysis confirmed the cross-reactivity of anti-A. simplex immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibodies with protein extracts from P. decipiens and C. osculatum L3 larvae. The identified proteins of the Anisakidae proteomes were characterized by label-free quantification and functional analysis, and proteins involved in many essential biological mechanisms, such as parasite survival, were identified. In the proteome of A. simplex 14, the following allergens were identified: Ani s 1, Ani s 2 (2 isomers), Ani s 3 (2 isomers), Ani s 4, Ani s 8, Ani s 9, Ani s 10, Ani s 11-like, Ani s 13, Ani s fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, Ani s phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein (PEPB), and Thu a 3.0101. The following 8 allergens were detected in P. decipiens: Ani s 2, Ani s 3 (2 isomers), Ani s 5, Ani s 8, Ani s 9, Ani s PEPB, and Ani s troponin. In C. osculatum 4, the following allergens were identified: Ani s 2, Ani s 5, Ani s 13, and Asc l 3. Furthermore, 28 probable allergens were predicted in A. simplex and P. decipiens, whereas in C. osculatum, 25 possible allergens were identified. Among the putative allergens, heat shock proteins were most frequently detected, followed by paramyosin, peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase, enolase, and tropomyosin. We provide a new proteomic data set that could be beneficial for the discovery of biomarkers or drug target candidates. Furthermore, our findings showed that in addition to A. simplex, P. decipiens and C. osculatum should also be considered as potential sources of allergens that could lead to IgE-mediated hypersensitivity.

Anisakis simplex，Pseudoterranova decipiens和Contracaecum osculatum第三阶段幼虫（L3）是鱼类传播的线虫，可引起人的线虫病。尽管单纯曲霉是过敏原的已知来源，但有关拟腐假单胞菌和小孢梭菌的潜在过敏性的知识有限。因此，我们进行的比较蛋白质组学分析A.单面，P.杜英，和C. osculatum使用L3幼虫液相色谱-串联质谱法。总共，在检测到645，397，和261克的蛋白质A.单面，P.杜英，和C. osculatumL3幼虫分别。Western印迹分析证实了抗的交叉反应性A.单纯免疫球蛋白（Ig）G抗体与蛋白质提取物从P.杜英和C. osculatum L3幼虫。已鉴定的Anisakidae蛋白质组蛋白通过无标记定量和功能分析来表征，并鉴定出涉及许多基本生物学机制（如寄生虫存活）的蛋白。在A. simplex的蛋白质组中在图14中，鉴定出以下过敏原：Ani s 1，Ani s 2（2个异构体），Ani s 3（2个异构体），Ani s 4，Ani s 8，Ani s 9，Ani s 10，Ani s 11-like， Anis 13，Anis果糖1,6-双磷酸酶，Ani磷脂酰乙醇胺结合蛋白（PEPB）和Thu a 3.0101。在腐烂假单胞菌中检测到以下8种过敏原：Ani s 2，Ani s 3（2个异构体），Ani s 5，Ani s 8，Ani s 9，Ani s PEPB和Ani s肌钙蛋白。在C. osculatum 4中，鉴定出以下变应原：Ani s 2，Ani s 5，Ani s 13和Asc l3。此外，预测了28种可能的变应原，分别在A. simplex和P. decipiens中，而在C. osculatum中，鉴定出25种可能的过敏原。在推定的过敏原中，最常检测到热激蛋白，其次是副肌球蛋白，肽基-脯氨酰顺反异构酶，烯醇酶和原肌球蛋白。我们提供了一个新的蛋白质组学数据集，可能对发现生物标志物或候选药物靶标有益。此外，我们的研究结果表明，除了单纯曲霉外，假单胞菌和粘菌也应被视为可能导致IgE介导的超敏反应的过敏原的潜在来源。