Sugars and triglycerides are common carbon sources for microorganisms. Nonetheless, a systematic comparative interpretation of metabolic changes upon vegetable oil or glucose as sole carbon source is still lacking. Selected fungi that can grow in acidic mineral salt media (MSM) with vegetable oil had been identified recently. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the overall metabolite changes of an omnipotent fungus and to reveal changes at central carbon metabolism corresponding to both carbon sources. Targeted and non-targeted metabolomics for both polar and semi-polar metabolites of Phialemonium curvatum AWO2 (DSM 23903) cultivated in MSM with palm oil (MSM-P) or glucose (MSM-G) as carbon sources were obtained. Targeted metabolomics on central carbon metabolism of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and glyoxylate cycle were analysed using LC–MS/MS-TripleQ and GC–MS, while untargeted metabolite profiling was performed using LC–MS/MS-QTOF followed by multivariate analysis. Targeted metabolomics analysis showed that glyoxylate pathway and TCA cycle were recruited at central carbon metabolism for triglyceride and glucose catabolism, respectively. Significant differences in organic acids concentration of about 4- to 8-fold were observed for citric acid, succinic acid, malic acid, and oxaloacetic acid. Correlation of organic acids concentration and key enzymes involved in the central carbon metabolism was further determined by enzymatic assays. On the other hand, the untargeted profiling revealed seven metabolites undergoing significant changes between MSM-P and MSM-G cultures. Overall, this study has provided insights on the understanding on the effect of triglycerides and sugar as carbon source in fungi global metabolic pathway, which might become important for future optimization of carbon flux engineering in fungi to improve organic acids production when vegetable oil is applied as the sole carbon source.

中文翻译：

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作为一种全能真菌，在粗棕榈油和葡萄糖上培养的Phialemonium curvatum 的比较代谢组学。


糖和甘油三酯是微生物的常见碳源。尽管如此，仍然缺乏对植物油或葡萄糖作为唯一碳源的代谢变化的系统比较解释。最近确定了可以在含有植物油的酸性矿物盐介质（MSM）中生长的选定真菌。因此，本研究旨在研究全能真菌的整体代谢变化，并揭示两种碳源对应的中心碳代谢的变化。获得了在以棕榈油 (MSM-P) 或葡萄糖 (MSM-G) 作为碳源的 MSM 中培养的曲线霉霉 AWO2 (DSM 23903) 的极性和半极性代谢物的靶向和非靶向代谢组学。使用 LC-MS/MS-TripleQ 和 GC-MS 分析三羧酸 (TCA) 循环和乙醛酸循环的中心碳代谢的靶向代谢组学，同时使用 LC-MS/MS-QTOF 进行非靶向代谢物分析，然后进行多变量分析。靶向代谢组学分析表明，乙醛酸途径和 TCA 循环分别在甘油三酯和葡萄糖分解代谢的中心碳代谢中被招募。对于柠檬酸、琥珀酸、苹果酸和草酰乙酸，观察到约4至8倍的有机酸浓度的显着差异。通过酶测定进一步确定了有机酸浓度和参与中心碳代谢的关键酶的相关性。另一方面，非目标分析显示七种代谢物在 MSM-P 和 MSM-G 培养物之间发生显着变化。 总的来说，这项研究为理解甘油三酯和糖作为真菌全球代谢途径中的碳源的影响提供了见解，这对于未来优化真菌中的碳通量工程以提高植物油用作有机酸的产量可能变得重要。唯一的碳源。