Objective. To explore altered regional neuronal activity in patients with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) and its correlation with clinical performances using the regional homogeneity (ReHo) method, which is based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Method. Thirty-one patients with NAION (20 males, 11 females) and 31 age- and sex-matched normal controls (NCs) (20 males, 11 females) were enrolled in the study. All patients underwent ophthalmic examination, including eyesight, intraocular pressure measurement, optimal coherence tomography (OCT), visual field analysis, and fMRI scans. After ReHo was calculated, we investigated group differences in results between the patients and NCs. We analyzed the relationship between ReHo values for different brain regions in patients with NAION and intraocular pressure, visual field analysis, and OCT. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the diagnostic ability of the ReHo method. Results. Compared with NCs, patients with NAION exhibited higher ReHo values in the left middle frontal gyrus, left middle cingulate gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus, and left inferior parietal lobule. Additionally, they exhibited lower ReHo values in the right lingual gyrus, left putamen/lentiform nucleus, and left superior parietal lobule. ReHo values in the left superior parietal lobule were negatively correlated with right retinal nerve fiber layer values (, ). The area under the ROC curve for each brain region indicated that the ReHo method is a credible means of diagnosing patient with NAION. Conclusion. NAION was primarily associated with dysfunction in the default mode network, which may reflect its underlying neural mechanisms.

中文翻译：

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非动脉性前部缺血性视神经病变的区域自发性神经活动异常：静息状态功能 MRI 研究。

目标。使用基于静息态功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 的区域同质性 (ReHo) 方法探索非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变 (NAION) 患者的区域神经元活动改变及其与临床表现的相关性。方法. 31 名 NAION 患者（20 名男性，11 名女性）和 31 名年龄和性别匹配的正常对照（NC）（20 名男性，11 名女性）参加了该研究。所有患者均接受了眼科检查，包括视力、眼压测量、最佳相干断层扫描 (OCT)、视野分析和 fMRI 扫描。计算 ReHo 后，我们调查了患者和 NC 之间结果的组间差异。我们分析了 NAION 患者不同脑区的 ReHo 值与眼压、视野分析和 OCT 之间的关系。受试者工作特征 (ROC) 曲线用于评估 ReHo 方法的诊断能力。结果. 与NCs相比，NAION患者左侧额中回、左侧扣带回中回、左侧颞上回和左侧顶下小叶的ReHo值更高。此外，他们在右侧舌回、左侧壳核/豆状核和左侧顶上小叶中表现出较低的 ReHo 值。左侧顶上小叶的 ReHo 值与右侧视网膜神经纤维层值呈负相关。, ）。每个大脑区域的 ROC 曲线下面积表明 ReHo 方法是诊断 NAION 患者的可靠方法。结论。NAION 主要与默认模式网络的功能障碍有关，这可能反映了其潜在的神经机制。