Abstract

Antibiotic resistance increases the human mortality rate nowadays. The main purpose of the present study was to develop green reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) methods with a refractive index detector for the assay of the three veterinary antibiotics (VAs), i.e., maduramicin ammonium (MA), apramycin sulfate (AS) and clarithromycin (CLA) in pharmaceutical dosage forms and spiked rat plasma. The method utilized isocratic elution using an ODP-40 C18 column, the flow rate was set at 1.0 mL/min and negative polar signals. The linearity ranges were 3.0–18.0 μg/mL for MA, 1.5–4.0 μg/mL for AS and 0.5 to 3.0 μg/mL for CLA, respectively. Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) procedure was optimized in plasma samples. The recoveries percentages were 85.4, 81.2 and 88.8 correspondingly, in rat plasma. However, the drugs extraction by protein precipitation method yields very poor recoveries (around 50%). The new HPLC- refractive index (RI) methods are better than the previously reported HPLC-ultra violet methods in terms of greenness and simplicity of procedures. Moreover, the previously reported LC–MS methods lack the simplicity and availability of such expensive techniques in Quality control (QC) labs. The novelty of this research is the use of refractive index detector for the first time for VAs analysis.

中文翻译：

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使用折射率检测器的新型环保HPLC方法，用于分析药物制剂和大鼠血浆中的三种兽用抗生素。

摘要

如今，抗生素耐药性增加了人类的死亡率。本研究的主要目的是开发一种带有折光检测器的绿色反相高效液相色谱（RP-HPLC）方法，用于测定三种兽用抗生素（VA），即马杜拉霉素铵（MA），药物剂型和加标大鼠血浆中的硫酸阿霉素（AS）和克拉霉素（CLA）。该方法使用ODP-40 C18柱进行等度洗脱，流速设置为1.0 mL / min，并带有负极信号。MA的线性范围分别为3.0–18.0μg/ mL，AS的线性范围为1.5–4.0μg/ mL，CLA的线性范围为0.5至3.0μg/ mL。优化了血浆样品中的液液萃取（LLE）程序。大鼠血浆中的回收率分别为85.4、81.2和88.8。然而，通过蛋白质沉淀法提取药物的回收率非常低（约50％）。在绿色度和操作简便性方面，新的HPLC折光率（RI）方法优于以前报道的HPLC-超紫方法。此外，先前报道的LC-MS方法在质量控制（QC）实验室中缺乏这种昂贵技术的简单性和可用性。这项研究的新颖之处在于首次将折射率检测器用于VAs分析。先前报道的LC-MS方法在质量控制（QC）实验室中缺乏这种昂贵技术的简便性和可用性。这项研究的新颖性是首次将折射率检测器用于VAs分析。先前报道的LC-MS方法在质量控制（QC）实验室中缺乏这种昂贵技术的简便性和可用性。这项研究的新颖之处在于首次将折射率检测器用于VAs分析。