OBJECTIVE We investigated cognitive task-related functional connectivity (FC) in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Using a visual three-stimulus paradigm (VTSP), we studied cognitive large-scale networks and the impact of TLE on connectivity outside the temporal lobe. METHODS High-density electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded during the paradigm from nineteen patients with epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (HS) and ten healthy controls (HCs). Scalp data were reconstructed into the source space, and FC was computed. Correlating with the neuropsychological data, possible compensatory mechanisms were investigated. RESULTS Significant changes were found in the FC of regions outside the epileptogenic network, particularly in the attentional network. These changes were more widespread in left TLE (LTLE). There were no significant differences in task performance (accuracy, time response) in comparison with HCs, implying that there must be some mechanism reducing the impact of connectivity changes on brain functions. When correlated with neuropsychological data, we found stronger compensatory mechanisms in right TLE (RTLE). SIGNIFICANCE Our findings confirm the hypothesis that LTLE is the more pervasive form of the disease. Even though the network alterations in TLE are severe, some mechanisms reduce the impact of epilepsy on cognitive functions; these mechanisms are more potent in RTLE. We also suggest that there are maladaptive mechanisms in LTLE.

中文翻译：

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颞叶癫痫中认知任务相关的功能连接改变

目的 我们调查了颞叶癫痫 (TLE) 患者的认知任务相关功能连接 (FC)。使用视觉三刺激范式 (VTSP)，我们研究了认知大规模网络以及 TLE 对颞叶外连接的影响。方法 在范式期间记录了 19 名患有海马硬化症 (HS) 的癫痫患者和 10 名健康对照 (HC) 的高密度脑电图 (EEG)。头皮数据被重建到源空间，并计算FC。与神经心理学数据相关联，研究了可能的补偿机制。结果 致痫网络以外区域的 FC 发生显着变化，特别是在注意网络中。这些变化在左 TLE (LTLE) 中更为普遍。与 HC 相比，任务性能（准确性、时间响应）没有显着差异，这意味着必须存在某种机制来减少连接变化对大脑功能的影响。当与神经心理学数据相关时，我们在右 TLE (RTLE) 中发现了更强的代偿机制。意义 我们的研究结果证实了 LTLE 是这种疾病的更普遍形式的假设。尽管 TLE 的网络改变很严重，但某些机制会降低癫痫对认知功能的影响；这些机制在 RTLE 中更有效。我们还认为 LTLE 存在适应不良机制。当与神经心理学数据相关时，我们在右 TLE (RTLE) 中发现了更强的代偿机制。意义 我们的研究结果证实了 LTLE 是这种疾病的更普遍形式的假设。尽管 TLE 的网络改变很严重，但某些机制会降低癫痫对认知功能的影响；这些机制在 RTLE 中更有效。我们还认为 LTLE 存在适应不良机制。当与神经心理学数据相关时，我们在右 TLE (RTLE) 中发现了更强的代偿机制。意义 我们的研究结果证实了 LTLE 是这种疾病的更普遍形式的假设。尽管 TLE 的网络改变很严重，但某些机制会降低癫痫对认知功能的影响；这些机制在 RTLE 中更有效。我们还认为 LTLE 存在适应不良机制。