PURPOSE There have been little researches examining the role of family functioning on psychological outcomes in the field of adult epilepsy. We determined whether family functioning is correlated with felt stigma in adults with epilepsy. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, adults with epilepsy and their caregivers were recruited. Data were collected using the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES) III, the Family adaptation, partnership, growth, affection, and resolve (APGAR) questionnaire, the Stigma Scale for Epilepsy (SS-E), the modified questionnaire for episodes of discrimination, and the Beck Depression Inventory. Family functioning was measured by the caregivers. RESULTS A total of 273 adult patients and their primary caregivers were included. Multivariate logistic analyses showed that family cohesion and excellent family functioning were negatively correlated with felt stigma after controlling for confounding variables. Enacted stigma, depressive symptoms, and university education were also significant. Interaction between enacted stigma and family cohesion on felt stigma was significant (p = 0.049). Family cohesion was negatively correlated with felt stigma only in the patients with enacted stigma (p = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS Family functioning especially family cohesion may have protective effects against development of felt stigma in adults with epilepsy. Such protecting effects against felt stigma may be different according to enacted stigma. This understanding is helpful for developing effective psychosocial interventions to reduce felt stigma in patients with epilepsy.

中文翻译：

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家庭凝聚力与感觉耻辱的相关性取决于成人癫痫患者的耻辱感

目的 很少有研究探讨家庭功能对成人癫痫领域心理结果的作用。我们确定了家庭功能是否与成人癫痫患者的耻辱感相关。方法 在这项横断面研究中，招募了患有癫痫症的成年人及其照顾者。使用家庭适应性和凝聚力评估量表 (FACES) III、家庭适应、伙伴关系、成长、情感和解决 (APGAR) 问卷、癫痫病耻感量表 (SS-E)、改进的癫痫发作问卷收集数据。歧视和贝克抑郁量表。家庭功能由照顾者测量。结果 共纳入 273 名成年患者及其主要照顾者。多变量逻辑分析表明，在控制混杂变量后，家庭凝聚力和良好的家庭功能与感到耻辱感呈负相关。制定的耻辱感、抑郁症状和大学教育也很重要。已制定的耻辱感与家庭凝聚力之间的相互作用对感到耻辱感是显着的（p = 0.049）。家庭凝聚力仅与已制定的耻辱感患者的耻辱感呈负相关（p = 0.011）。结论 家庭功能，尤其是家庭凝聚力，可能对成人癫痫患者的病耻感发展具有保护作用。这种针对感觉污名的保护作用可能因制定的污名而异。这种理解有助于制定有效的社会心理干预措施，以减少癫痫患者的耻辱感。