Brain mechanisms of visual selective attention involve both local and network-level activity changes at specific oscillatory rhythms, but their interplay remains poorly explored. Here, we investigate anticipatory and reactive effects of feature-based attention using separate fMRI and EEG recordings, while participants attended to one of two spatially overlapping visual features (motion and orientation). We focused on EEG source analysis of local neuronal rhythms and nested oscillations and on graph analysis of connectivity changes in a network of fMRI-defined regions of interest, and characterized a cascade of attentional effects at multiple spatial scales. We discuss how the results may reconcile several theories of selective attention, by showing how β rhythms support anticipatory information routing through increased network efficiency, while reactive α-band desynchronization patterns and increased α-γ coupling in task-specific sensory areas mediate stimulus-evoked processing of task-relevant signals.

中文翻译：

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基于特征的注意力连续阶段的嵌套振荡和大脑连接

视觉选择性注意的大脑机制涉及特定振荡节奏下的局部和网络级活动变化，但它们的相互作用仍未得到很好的探索。在这里，我们使用单独的 fMRI 和 EEG 记录研究基于特征的注意力的预期和反应效应，而参与者则注意两个空间重叠的视觉特征（运动和方向）之一。我们专注于局部神经元节律和嵌套振荡的 EEG 源分析以及 fMRI 定义的感兴趣区域网络中连接变化的图形分析，并在多个空间尺度上描述了一系列注意力效应。我们通过展示 β 节律如何通过提高网络效率来支持预期信息路由，讨论结果如何协调几种选择性注意理论，