Nowadays utilizing renewable energy resources (RES) has become one of the main features of the modern power systems. Despite the many benefits of these resources, the output power uncertainty limits RES competitive ability with the other conventional power producers. Using the energy storage system (ESS) is an effective solution to resolve the output power uncertainty problem. However, ESS remains to be an expensive technology although there are declinations in the cost in recent years. To this end, this paper utilizes demand response resources as a virtual energy storage (VES) in which incentive and discount payment are applied to convince the customers to reduce or increase their consumptions, respectively. The consumption decreasing and increasing provide functions similar to discharging and charging an ESS. Customer behavior plays an important role in designing an effective VES. So, this paper employs the concept of the utility function considering different risk aversion coefficients to model the different customers’ behavior. In the numerical Section, the proposed VES is implemented considering different customer types with different risk aversion coefficients to improve the wind generation profit in the day-ahead. From the results, as the risk aversion coefficient increases, a high incentive/discount is needed to convince the customer to participate in the VES.

如今，利用可再生能源（RES）已成为现代电力系统的主要特征之一。尽管这些资源有很多好处，但输出功率的不确定性限制了RES与其他常规功率生产商的竞争能力。使用储能系统（ESS）是解决输出功率不确定性问题的有效解决方案。然而，尽管近年来成本下降，但是ESS仍然是昂贵的技术。为此，本文利用需求响应资源作为虚拟能源存储（VES），在其中应用激励和折扣支付以说服客户分别减少或增加其消费。消耗的减少和增加提供类似于对ESS放电和充电的功能。客户行为在设计有效的VES中起着重要作用。因此，本文采用效用函数的概念，考虑了不同的风险规避系数，以对不同的客户行为进行建模。在数字部分中，拟议的VES是在考虑具有不同风险规避系数的不同客户类型的情况下实施的，以提高日前的风力发电利润。从结果来看，随着风险规避系数的增加，需要很高的激励/折扣来说服客户参与VES。拟议的VES是在考虑具有不同风险规避系数的不同客户类型的情况下实施的，以提高日前的风力发电利润。从结果来看，随着风险规避系数的增加，需要很高的激励/折扣来说服客户参与VES。拟议的VES是在考虑具有不同风险规避系数的不同客户类型的情况下实施的，以提高日前的风力发电利润。从结果来看，随着风险规避系数的增加，需要很高的激励/折扣来说服客户参与VES。