Abstract Freeze-thaw action has caused many engineering geology disasters in cold regions, such as frost cracking of tunnel and pavement, rockfall of rock slope, falling off of building materials. The freeze-thaw damage of porous rock is mainly induced by the frost heaving pressure due to pore water freezing. Although some elastic crystallization theories have been proposed to model the freezing process of pore water, the long-term frost heave characteristics under cyclic freeze-thaw are rarely studied. The ice crystallization and frost heave theory under freeze-thaw have been developed in the elastoplastic regime in this study. A novel elastoplastic model has been proposed to estimate the long-term frost heave and frost damage under freeze-thaw. This model has considered the influence of the pore size, yield stress of matrix and degree of water saturation on the development of the frost heaving pressure in pores. During freezing, a plastic region will produce inside the matrix around the pore. This plastic region gradually expands outwards with the increase of this pressure. During thawing, the elastic deformation will be recovered but a considerable residual plastic strain is accumulated. However, the growth rate of the residual plastic strain will decrease under freeze-thaw due to the production of new empty voids. Therefore, the freezing of pore water in porous rock is an elastoplastic problem. Besides, the water saturation and mechanical properties of the porous rock are very important to quantify the frost heave. This study provides a better understanding of the frost damage of the porous rock and a reference for the stability of rock engineering under freeze-thaw in cold regions.

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冻融作用下多孔岩冻变形弹塑性模型

摘要 冻融作用在寒冷地区造成了许多工程地质灾害，如隧道和路面的冻裂、岩质边坡的崩塌、建筑材料的脱落等。多孔岩石的冻融破坏主要是由孔隙水冻结引起的冻胀压力引起的。尽管已经提出了一些弹性结晶理论来模拟孔隙水的冻结过程，但很少研究循环冻融下的长期冻胀特性。本研究在弹塑性体系中发展了冻融条件下的冰结晶和冻胀理论。提出了一种新的弹塑性模型来估计冻融条件下的长期冻胀和冻害。该模型考虑了孔径的影响，基质屈服应力和含水饱和度对孔隙冻胀压力发展的影响。在冷冻过程中，孔周围的基质内部会产生一个塑性区域。随着该压力的增加，该塑性区域逐渐向外扩展。在解冻过程中，弹性变形将恢复，但积累了相当大的残余塑性应变。然而，由于新的空洞的产生，残余塑性应变的增长率将在冻融下降低。因此，多孔岩石中孔隙水的冻结是一个弹塑性问题。此外，多孔岩石的含水饱和度和力学性质对于冻胀的量化非常重要。