Abstract Highly disturbed landscapes, including fallowed or abandoned farmland, are known to experience losses in native plant diversity that negatively impact the ecological functions and services provided by an ecosystem. The restoration of native species to the post-agricultural landscape using principles derived from indigenous knowledge could reverse this damage. This study examines the effects of three site preparation treatments (prescribed burning, tilling, and mowing) and biomass harvesting on the establishment and productivity of four native, edible, culturally-significant forbs (Apios americana Medik., Helianthus annuus L., Helianthus tuberosus L., and Oenothera biennis L.) restored to a fallow farm field. Species' responses to site preparation treatments varied over three years of observations, with plants grown from tubers establishing populations more successfully after burning or mowing and plants grown from seed establishing better after tillage. Harvesting of biomass after the first growing season reduced the number of individual plants observed for all restored species across all site preparation treatments but demonstrated the potential for production of traditional food resources in a low-management, multi-purpose agroecosystem. H. tuberosus showed particular promise for this purpose, producing an average of 881, 1397, and 1848 kg ha−1 of dry edible biomass on tilled, burned, and mowed plots, respectively. Burning was also found to enhance concentrations of organic matter, calcium, and magnesium in the soil, and many indicators of soil quality varied seasonally. These results indicate that with low-energy input management strategies, native wild edibles could be reintroduced into old-field systems to provide provisioning and cultural ecosystem services while maintaining or enhancing ecosystem function.

中文翻译：

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旧田生态系统服务：整地和收获对传统食用植物恢复和生产力的影响

摘要 众所周知，高度受干扰的景观，包括休耕或废弃的农田，会经历本地植物多样性的丧失，从而对生态系统提供的生态功能和服务产生负面影响。使用源自本土知识的原则将本土物种恢复到后农业景观中，可以扭转这种损害。本研究检查了三种整地处理（规定的燃烧、耕种和割草）和生物量收获对四种本地、可食用、具有文化意义的杂种（Apios americana Medik.、Helianthus annuus L.、Helianthus tuberosus）的建立和生产力的影响L. 和 Oenothera biennis L.) 恢复到休耕农田。在三年的观察中，物种对整地处理的反应各不相同，从块茎生长的植物在燃烧或割草后更成功地建立种群，而从种子生长的植物在耕作后建立得更好。在第一个生长季节后收获生物质减少了所有整地处理中所有恢复物种的个体植物数量，但证明了在低管理、多用途农业生态系统中生产传统食物资源的潜力。H. tuberosus 在此方面表现出特别的希望，分别在耕地、烧地和割过的地块上平均产生 881、1397 和 1848 kg ha-1 的干可食用生物量。还发现燃烧会提高土壤中有机质、钙和镁的浓度，许多土壤质量指标随季节变化。