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Molecular and functional characterization of somatostatin-type signalling in a deuterostome invertebrate.
Open Biology ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-09 , DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200172
Ya Zhang 1 , Luis Alfonso Yañez Guerra 1 , Michaela Egertová 1 , Cleidiane G Zampronio 2 , Alexandra M Jones 2 , Maurice R Elphick 1
Affiliation  

Somatostatin (SS) and allatostatin-C (ASTC) are structurally and evolutionarily related neuropeptides that act as inhibitory regulators of physiological processes in mammals and insects, respectively. Here, we report the first molecular and functional characterization of SS/ASTC-type signalling in a deuterostome invertebrate—the starfish Asterias rubens (phylum Echinodermata). Two SS/ASTC-type precursors were identified in A. rubens (ArSSP1 and ArSSP2) and the structures of neuropeptides derived from these proteins (ArSS1 and ArSS2) were analysed using mass spectrometry. Pharmacological characterization of three cloned A. rubens SS/ASTC-type receptors (ArSSR1–3) revealed that ArSS2, but not ArSS1, acts as a ligand for all three receptors. Analysis of ArSS2 expression in A. rubens using mRNA in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry revealed stained cells/fibres in the central nervous system, the digestive system (e.g. cardiac stomach) and the body wall and its appendages (e.g. tube feet). Furthermore, in vitro pharmacological tests revealed that ArSS2 causes dose-dependent relaxation of tube foot and cardiac stomach preparations, while injection of ArSS2 in vivo causes partial eversion of the cardiac stomach. Our findings provide new insights into the molecular evolution of SS/ASTC-type signalling in the animal kingdom and reveal an ancient role of SS-type neuropeptides as inhibitory regulators of muscle contractility.



中文翻译:

后口无脊椎动物中生长抑素类型信号的分子和功能表征。

生长抑素 (SS) 和 allatostatin-C (ASTC) 是结构和进化上相关的神经肽,分别作为哺乳动物和昆虫生理过程的抑制调节剂。在这里,我们报告了后口无脊椎动物——海星Asterias rubens(棘皮动物门)中 SS/ASTC 型信号传导的第一个分子和功能特征。在A. rubens(ArSSP1 和 ArSSP2)中鉴定了两种 SS/ASTC 型前体,并使用质谱法分析了源自这些蛋白质(ArSS1 和 ArSS2)的神经肽的结构。三个克隆的A. rubens 的药理特性SS/ASTC 型受体 (ArSSR1-3) 表明 ArSS2 是所有三种受体的配体,但不是 ArSS1。使用 mRNA原位杂交和免疫组织化学分析A. rubens 中的 ArSS2 表达显示中枢神经系统、消化系统(例如心胃)和体壁及其附属物(例如管足)中的细胞/纤维染色。此外,体外药理试验表明,ArSS2 引起管足和心胃制剂的剂量依赖性松弛,而在体内注射 ArSS2导致心脏胃部分外翻。我们的发现为动物王国中 SS/ASTC 型信号的分子进化提供了新的见解,并揭示了 SS 型神经肽作为肌肉收缩性抑制调节剂的古老作用。

更新日期:2020-09-09
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