Particles beyond the Standard Model (SM) can generically have lifetimes that are long compared to SM particles at the weak scale. When produced at experiments such as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, these long-lived particles (LLPs) can decay far from the interaction vertex of the primary proton–proton collision. Such LLP signatures are distinct from those of promptly decaying particles that are targeted by the majority of searches for new physics at the LHC, often requiring customized techniques to identify, for example, significantly displaced decay vertices, tracks with atypical properties, and short track segments. Given their non-standard nature, a comprehensive overview of LLP signatures at the LHC is beneficial to ensure that possible avenues of the discovery of new physics are not overlooked. Here we report on the joint work of a community of theorists and experimentalists with the ATLAS, CMS, and LHCb experiments—as well as those working on dedicated experiment...

中文翻译：

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在大型强子对撞机中搜索超出标准模型的长寿命粒子

与标准模型（SM）相比，超出标准模型（SM）的粒子的寿命通常比弱尺度下的SM粒子长。当在CERN的大型强子对撞机（LHC）等实验中产生时，这些长寿命粒子（LLP）的衰变可能会远离质子-质子碰撞的相互作用顶点。此类LLP签名与那些在LHC上寻求新物理学的大多数搜索所针对的迅速衰变粒子的签名不同，通常需要使用自定义技术来识别（例如）位移明显的衰变顶点，具有非典型性质的轨道和短轨道段。鉴于它们的非标准性质，LHC上LLP签名的全面概述有利于确保不忽略发现新物理学的可能途径。