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SI-traceable molecular transition frequency measurements at the 10−12 relative uncertainty level
Optica ( IF 8.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-09 , DOI: 10.1364/optica.395943
Z. D. Reed , D. A. Long , H. Fleurbaey , J. T. Hodges

Accurate and spectroscopic measurements of molecular transition frequencies are increasingly being employed in a variety of rigorous tests of physics, including the validity of quantum electrodynamics, the proton–electron mass ratio, and the dipole moment of the electron. Near-infrared molecular transitions may also underpin secondary frequency standards for length metrology and provide convenient wavelength standards for telecommunication and spectroscopy. To report progress in this field, we describe measurements of near-infrared Doppler-broadened carbon dioxide line positions. Our experiment uses cavity ring-down spectroscopy in the linear domain and provides an accurate International System of Units (SI)-traceable frequency axis via active locking of the probe laser and ring-down cavity to a Cs-clock-referenced optical frequency comb. The approach has several key attributes: the ability to rapidly scan the probe laser while maintaining a phase lock to the optical frequency comb, continuously tunable spectrum frequency axes that are not limited by the cavity mode spacing, and high signal-to-noise-ratio spectra resulting in stationary statistics amenable to long-term averaging. This performance is achieved by phase locking a single-mode probe laser to the optical frequency comb, coherent electro-optical phase modulation for rapid cavity mode-to-mode shifting of the probe laser, and sub-kilohertz-level frequency stabilization of the ring-down cavity relative to the probe laser. We report vacuum transition frequencies of five transitions in the $({{30012}}) \leftarrow ({{00001}})$ vibrational band of $^{12}{{\rm{C}}^{16}}{{\rm{O}}_2}$ near 1.57 µm and achieve combined standard uncertainties as low as 212 Hz, corresponding to a relative combined standard uncertainty near ${{10}^{- 12}}$.

中文翻译:

可在10 -12相对不确定度水平上进行SI追踪的分子跃迁频率测量

在各种严格的物理测试中,越来越多地使用分子迁移频率的准确和光谱学测量方法,包括量子电动力学的有效性,质子-电子质量比和电子的偶极矩。近红外分子跃迁也可为长度计量的辅助频率标准提供基础,并为电信和光谱学提供方便的波长标准。为了报告该领域的进展,我们描述了测量近红外多普勒增宽的二氧化碳谱线位置的方法。我们的实验在线性域中使用腔衰荡光谱,并通过将探测激光器和衰荡腔主动锁定到Cs时钟参考的光学频率梳来提供准确的国际单位制(SI)可追踪的频率轴。该方法具有几个关键属性:能够在保持对光学频率梳的相位锁定的同时快速扫描探测激光器的能力,不受腔模间距限制的可连续调谐的频谱频率轴以及高信噪比光谱可得到适合长期平均的平稳统计量。通过将单模探测激光器锁相到光学频率梳,相干电光相位调制以实现探测激光器的快速腔模到模移以及环的亚千赫兹级频率稳定,可以实现此性能。下腔相对于探测激光器。我们报告了真空中五个转变的真空转变频率 不受腔模间距限制的连续可调频谱频率轴,以及高信噪比频谱,可产生适于长期平均的平稳统计量。通过将单模探测激光器锁相到光学频率梳,相干电光相位调制以实现探测激光器的快速腔模到模移以及环的亚千赫兹级频率稳定,可以实现此性能。下腔相对于探测激光器。我们报告了真空中五个转变的真空转变频率 不受腔模间距限制的连续可调频谱频率轴,以及高信噪比频谱,可产生适于长期平均的平稳统计量。通过将单模探测激光器锁相到光学频率梳,相干电光相位调制以实现探测激光器的快速腔模到模移以及环的亚千赫兹级频率稳定,可以实现此性能。下腔相对于探测激光器。我们报告了真空中五个转变的真空转变频率 通过将单模探测激光器锁相到光学频率梳,相干电光相位调制以实现探测激光器的快速腔模到模移以及环的亚千赫兹级频率稳定,可以实现此性能。下腔相对于探测激光器。我们报告了真空中五个转变的真空转变频率 通过将单模探测激光器锁相到光学频率梳,相干电光相位调制以实现探测激光器的快速腔模到模移以及环的亚千赫兹级频率稳定,可以实现此性能。下腔相对于探测激光器。我们报告了真空中五个转变的真空转变频率$ {{{30012}})\ leftarrow({{00001}})$ $ ^ {12} {{\ rm {C}} ^ {16}} {{\ rm {O}} _ 2} $的振动带接近1.57 µm,并获得低至212 Hz的组合标准不确定度,对应于$ {{10} ^ {-12}} $附近的相对组合标准不确定度。
更新日期:2020-09-20
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