Abstract. A two-year measurement campaign of the ZephIR 300 vertical profiling continuous-wave (CW) focusing wind lidar has been carried out by the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI) at the Cabauw site. We focus on the (height-dependent) data availability of the wind lidar under various meteorological conditions and the data quality through a comparison with in situ wind measurements at several levels in the 213-m tall meteorological mast. We find an overall availability of quality controlled wind lidar data of 97 % to 98 %, where the missing part is mainly due to precipitation events exceeding 1 mm/h or fog or low clouds below 100 m. The mean bias in the horizontal wind speed is within 0.1 m/s with a high correlation between the mast and wind lidar measurements, although under some specific conditions (very high wind speed, fog or low clouds) larger deviations are observed. The mean bias in the wind direction is within 2°, which is on the same order as the combined uncertainty in the alignment of the wind lidars and the mast wind vanes. The well-known 180° error in the wind direction output for this type of instrument occurs about 9 % of the time. A correction scheme based on data of an auxiliary wind vane at a height of 10 m is applied, leading to a reduction of the 180° error below 2 %. This scheme can be applied in real-time applications in case a nearby, freely exposed, mast with wind direction measurements at a single height is available.

中文翻译：

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在Cabauw进行的CW集中风激光雷达和高桅杆风测量的两年比较

摘要。荷兰皇家气象学院（KNMI）在Cabauw基地进行了为期两年的ZephIR 300垂直剖面连续波（CW）聚焦风激光雷达测量活动。通过与213米高的气象桅杆中多个位置的原位风测量结果进行比较，我们专注于在各种气象条件下的激光雷达（取决于高度）的数据可用性和数据质量。我们发现质量控制的风激光雷达数据的总体可用性为97％到98％，其中丢失的部分主要是由于降水事件超过1 mm / h或雾或低于100 m的低云。水平风速的平均偏差在0.1 m / s以内，尽管在某些特定条件下（非常高的风速，雾或低云）观察到较大偏差。风向的平均偏差在2°以内，这与风激光雷达和桅杆风向标对准的不确定度的总和相同。这种类型的仪器在风向输出中众所周知的180°误差大约在9％的时间内发生。采用基于高度为10 m的辅助风向标数据的校正方案，可将180°误差降低到2％以下。如果附近有一个自由暴露的风向标杆，可以在单个高度进行风向测量，则该方案可以应用于实时应用。这种类型的仪器在风向输出中众所周知的180°误差大约在9％的时间内发生。采用基于高度为10 m的辅助风向标数据的校正方案，可将180°误差降低到2％以下。如果附近有一个自由暴露的风向标杆，可以在单个高度进行风向测量，则该方案可以应用于实时应用。这种类型的仪器在风向输出中众所周知的180°误差大约在9％的时间内发生。采用基于高度为10 m的辅助风向标数据的校正方案，可将180°误差降低到2％以下。如果附近有一个自由暴露的风向标杆，可以在单个高度进行风向测量，则该方案可以应用于实时应用。