Microorganisms and their communities on foods are important determinants and indicators of food safety and quality. Despite growing interests in studying food and food-related microbiomes, how effective and practical it is to glean various food safety and quality information from food commodity microbiomes remains underinvestigated. Microbiomes of retail chicken breast from 4 processing establishments in 3 major U.S. broiler production states displayed longitudinal consistency over 7 months and cross-sectional distinctiveness associated with individual processing environments. Packaging type and processing environment but not antibiotic usage and seasonality affected composition and diversity of the microbiomes. Low abundances of antimicrobial resistance genes were found on chicken breasts, and no significant resistome difference was observed between antibiotic-free and conventional products. Benchmarked by culture enrichment, shotgun metagenomics sequencing delivered sensitive and specific detection of Salmonella enterica from chicken breasts.

中文翻译：

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微生物组信息的食品安全和质量：零售鸡胸肉微生物组的纵向一致性和横截面差异性。

食品中的微生物及其群落是食品安全和质量的重要决定因素和指标。尽管人们对研究食品和食品相关微生物组的兴趣日益浓厚，但从食品商品微生物组中收集各种食品安全和质量信息的有效性和实用性仍有待研究。来自美国 3 个主要肉鸡生产州的 4 个加工企业的零售鸡胸肉的微生物组在 7 个月内显示出纵向一致性和与个体加工环境相关的横截面独特性。包装类型和加工环境，但不是抗生素使用和季节性影响微生物组的组成和多样性。在鸡胸肉上发现了低丰度的抗微生物基因，无抗生素产品与常规产品之间未观察到显着的耐药性差异。以培养物富集为基准，鸟枪宏基因组学测序可提供灵敏且特异的检测来自鸡胸肉的沙门氏菌。