Abstract. The Doryctinae is one of the most specious subfamilies of the mainly parasitoid wasp family Braconidae. Members of this subfamily are characterised by having a very heterogeneous external morphology, which has made establishing the limits of several of its genera extremely difficult. The Neotropical Callihormius Ashmead, Platydoryctes Barbalho & Penteado-Dias, and Aphelopsia Marsh are prime examples of this, since they show extensive interspecific morphological variation but lack consistent diagnostic features among them. We carried out a comprehensive phylogenetic study among several representative species belonging to the above genera as well as other morphologically similar doryctine taxa based on three nuclear and two mitochondrial (mt)DNA sequence markers. Based on the relationships recovered, we assessed the generic limits among the examined taxa and investigated the times of origin and diversification in this group. Our best estimate of phylogeny did not recover Callihormius as monophyletic, and thus we propose a taxonomic arrangement where we elevate the status of Ca. (Dmitriohormius) Belokobylskij, Zaldívar-Riverón & Coronado-Blanco to genus level, stat. nov., and also describe four new genera: Macrometasoma, gen. nov., Caputlenis, gen. nov., Platyhormius, gen. nov. and Caputrugosus, gen. nov. Platydoryctes is delimited morphologically, and the body flatness is proposed to have independently evolved more than once within the group of genera examined. Aphelopsia was not recovered as monophyletic, though the relationships involved were weakly supported and therefore we maintain its species composition. Panama Marsh, stat. rev., which was considered a junior synonym of Leluthia Cameron, is resurrected. Basal relationships in the phylogeny had very short branch lengths, which could be due to ancient rapid radiation events that occurred during the early evolution of the group. The estimated times of divergence showed that the clade containing Callihormius and its related genera originated between the late Oligocene and middle Miocene, whereas its early diversification events probably occurred between the middle to late Miocene.

中文翻译：

---

分子系统发生学解开一组相关的新热带多角蜂寄生蜂属（膜翅目：蜂科）的界限

摘要。Doryctinae 是主要寄生蜂科 Braconidae 中最似是而非的亚科之一。该亚科成员的特征是具有非常异质的外部形态，这使得确定其几个属的界限变得极其困难。新热带 Callihormius Ashmead、Platydoryctes Barbalho & Penteado-Dias 和 Aphelopsia Marsh 是这方面的主要例子，因为它们显示出广泛的种间形态变异，但缺乏一致的诊断特征。我们基于三个核和两个线粒体 (mt) DNA 序列标记对属于上述属的几个代表性物种以及其他形态相似的 doryctine 分类群进行了全面的系统发育研究。根据恢复的关系，我们评估了受检分类群的通用限制，并调查了该组的起源时间和多样化。我们对系统发育的最佳估计并没有将 Callihormius 恢复为单系，因此我们提出了一个分类安排，我们提高了 Ca 的地位。(Dmitriohormius) Belokobylskij、Zaldívar-Riverón 和 Coronado-Blanco 到属水平，统计。11 月，并且还描述了四个新属：Macrometasoma，gen。十一月，卡普特莱尼斯，将军。十一月，Platyhormius，gen。十一月 和 Caputrugosus，将军。十一月 Platydoryctes 在形态学上被划定，身体平坦度被认为在所检查的属群中独立进化了不止一次。尽管所涉及的关系得到微弱支持，因此我们保持其物种组成，但未恢复为单系遗传。巴拿马沼泽，统计。转，被认为是 Leluthia Cameron 的初级同义词，现在复活了。系统发育中的基础关系具有非常短的分支长度，这可能是由于在该组的早期进化过程中发生的古代快速辐射事件。估计的分化时间表明，包含Callihormius及其相关属的进化枝起源于渐新世晚期和中新世中期，而其早期分化事件可能发生在中新世中后期。