Synergistic effects of organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) in combination with different metal oxides (Bi₂O₃, Sb₂O₃, and MoO₃) on the fire safety enhancement of the intumescent flame‐retarded epoxy resins (EPs) were systematically evaluated. The results from X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses show that the OMMT and metal oxides acquire a uniform distribution in the EP matrix, and OMMT platelets exhibit a fully exfoliated state. The flammability and thermogravimetry (TG) tests show that the intumescent flame retardant (IFR)‐OMMT‐metal oxide ternary system can endow EPs with the higher synergistic efficiencies on the enhancement of flame retardancy, smoke suppression properties, and charring ability compared to those of IFR or IFR‐OMMT system, and the synergistic efficiency is the following order: IFR/OMMT/Sb₂O₃ > IFR/OMMT/MoO₃ > IFR/OMMT/Bi₂O₃. In particular, the sample, filled with 1.5 wt% OMMT, 1.5 wt% Sb₂O₃, and 27 wt% IFR, passes the UL94 V‐0 rating and acquires the highest limiting oxygen index value of 28.5% among the samples. The IFR‐OMMT‐metal oxide ternary system exerts a better synergistic effect on the generation of crosslinking and aromatic structures that supply the excellent charring effect and barrier effect for the EPs, and the synergistic efficiency of IFR‐OMMT‐metal oxide ternary system is varied with the types of metal oxides.

中文翻译：

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有机改性蒙脱土与金属氧化物的协同作用对膨胀型阻燃环氧树脂的防火安全性的提高

有机改性的蒙脱土（OMMT）与不同的金属氧化物（Bi ₂ O ₃，Sb ₂ O ₃和MoO ₃）的协同作用）评估了膨胀型阻燃环氧树脂（EPs）的防火安全性。X射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析的结果表明，OMMT和金属氧化物在EP基质中获得均匀分布，并且OMMT血小板呈现完全剥离状态。可燃性和热重（TG）测试表明，与之相比，膨胀型阻燃剂（IFR）-OMMT-金属氧化物三元体系可赋予EPs在增强阻燃性，抑烟性和炭化能力方面更高的协同效率。 IFR或IFR-OMMT系统，其协同效率按以下顺序排列：IFR / OMMT / Sb ₂ O ₃  > IFR / OMMT / MoO ₃  > IFR / OMMT / Bi₂ O ₃。特别是，填充了1.5 wt％OMMT，1.5 wt％Sb ₂ O ₃和27 wt％IFR的样品通过了UL94 V-0评级，并获得了样品中最高的极限氧指数值，即28.5％。IFR-OMMT-金属氧化物三元体系对交联和芳族结构的生成具有更好的协同作用，从而为EP提供出色的炭化和阻挡作用，并且IFR-OMMT-金属氧化物三元体系的协同效率各不相同与金属氧化物的类型。