Individual specialization in the use of space by frugivorous bats,Journal of Animal Ecology

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Individual specialization in the use of space by frugivorous bats
Journal of Animal Ecology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-05 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13339
Patricia Kerches-Rogeri ₁ , Bernardo Brandão Niebuhr _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Renata Lara Muylaert _{1,

5} , Marco Aurelio Ribeiro Mello ₆

Affiliation

Natural populations are not homogenous systems but sets of individuals that occupy subsets of the species' niche. This phenomenon is known as individual specialization. Recently, several studies found evidence of individual specialization in animal diets. Diet is a critical dimension of a species' niche that affects several other dimensions, including space use, which has been poorly studied under the light of individual specialization. In the present study, which harnesses the framework of the movement ecology paradigm and uses yellow-shouldered bats (Sturnira lilium) as a model, we ask how food preferences lead individual bats of the same population to forage mainly in different locations and habitats. Ten individual bats were radio-tracked in a heterogeneous Brazilian savanna. First, we modelled intraspecific variation in space use as a network of individual bats and the landscape elements visited by them. Second, we developed two novel metrics, the spatial individual specialization index (SpatIS) and the spatial individual complementary specialization index (SpatICS). Additionally, we tested food-plant availability as a driver of interindividual differences in space use. There was large interindividual variation in the space use not explained by sex or weight. Our results point to individual specialization in space use in the studied population of S. lilium, most probably linked to food-plant distribution. Individual specialization affects not only which plant species frugivores consume, but also the way they move in space, ultimately with consequences for seed dispersal and landscape connectivity.

中文翻译：

食果蝙蝠对空间利用的个人专业化

自然种群不是同质系统，而是占据物种生态位子集的一组个体。这种现象被称为个体专业化。最近，几项研究发现了动物饮食个体化的证据。饮食是一个物种生态位的一个关键维度，它会影响其他几个维度，包括空间利用，在个体专业化的情况下，这方面的研究很少。在本研究中，利用运动生态学范式的框架并使用黄肩蝙蝠（Sturnira lilium）作为模型，我们询问食物偏好如何导致同一种群的个体蝙蝠主要在不同的地点和栖息地觅食。在异质的巴西稀树草原上对 10 只蝙蝠进行了无线电跟踪。第一的，我们将空间使用的种内变化建模为单个蝙蝠及其访问的景观元素的网络。其次，我们开发了两个新的指标，空间个体专业化指数（SpatIS）和空间个体互补专业化指数（SpatICS）。此外，我们测试了食用植物的可用性作为空间使用的个体差异的驱动因素。空间使用存在很大的个体差异，不能用性别或体重来解释。我们的结果表明所研究的百合种群在空间使用方面存在个体专业化，这很可能与食物-植物分布有关。个体专业化不仅会影响食果动物消耗的植物物种，还会影响它们在空间中的移动方式，最终对种子传播和景观连通性产生影响。

更新日期：2020-10-05

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