Abstract The development of highly biobased and robust thermosetting matrices using renewable feedstocks has become an interesting topic in the field of composites. A series of palm oil (PO)-based thermosets were prepared from a PO vinyl monomer and natural phenolic (NP) cross-linkers. The PO fatty acid-ethyl acrylamide (POFA-EA) was synthesized via a facile transesterification of PO with N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acrylamide (HEAA). NPs including eugenol, methyl gallate, and tannic acid were used to generate aromatic rings-containing cross-linkers via a solvent-free and ultrasonic-assisted esterification. The mechanical properties and processibility of the developed PO resins were closely associated with the chemical structures and unsaturation degrees of the incorporated NP cross-linkers. Besides, the thermosets were further used as the matrices for bamboo fibers-reinforced biocomposites. The resulting biocomposites showed comparable mechanical properties and Tgs toward those of petroleum-based counterparts. The biocomposites are anticipated to be fully decomposed because the PO matrices could be degraded in a mild alkali condition. This study provides insights to develop high performance and recyclable PO-based thermosets and their biocomposites.

中文翻译：

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来自竹纤维和棕榈油热固性塑料的生物复合材料：天然酚醛交联剂的影响

摘要 使用可再生原料开发高度生物基和坚固的热固性基质已成为复合材料领域的一个有趣话题。一系列基于棕榈油 (PO) 的热固性树脂由 PO 乙烯基单体和天然酚醛 (NP) 交联剂制备而成。PO 脂肪酸-乙基丙烯酰胺 (POFA-EA) 是通过 PO 与 N-(2-羟乙基) 丙烯酰胺 (HEAA) 的轻松酯交换合成的。包括丁子香酚、没食子酸甲酯和单宁酸在内的 NPs 用于通过无溶剂和超声辅助酯化生成含芳香环的交联剂。所开发的 PO 树脂的机械性能和加工性能与所掺入的 NP 交联剂的化学结构和不饱和度密切相关。除了，热固性材料进一步用作竹纤维增强生物复合材料的基质。由此产生的生物复合材料显示出与石油基对应物相当的机械性能和 Tg。预计生物复合材料会完全分解，因为 PO 基质可以在弱碱性条件下降解。这项研究为开发高性能和可回收的基于 PO 的热固性材料及其生物复合材料提供了见解。