This study examined the influence of different distances of traffic noise and sea sounds on physiological indicators and subjective evaluation. Scene re-creations employed three types of distance: actual close sounds (close to the sound source recorded on site), actual distant sounds (distance attenuation recorded on site) and artificial distant sounds (reduction of the same decibel level across frequencies). Participants displayed higher heart rate, amplitude of the R-wave (ΔR), heart rate variability, respiration rate, and skin conductance level (SCL) when close to the sound source. Actual distance attenuation affected most subjective evaluation factors (except for Familiarity and Excitement). The ΔR, electroencephalography alpha reactivity, and electroencephalography beta reactivity with actual distant sounds were lower and SCL was higher, relative to those with artificial distant sounds. These findings provide a reference for governments and urban planners when working to improve quality of life in urban areas.

本研究探讨了不同距离的交通噪声和海声对生理指标和主观评价的影响。场景重现采用三种距离：实际的接近声音（接近于现场记录的声源），实际的遥远声音（记录于现场的距离衰减）和人工的遥远声音（在整个频率上降低相同的分贝水平）。靠近声源时，参与者显示出更高的心率，R波幅度（ΔR），心率变异性，呼吸率和皮肤电导水平（SCL）。实际距离衰减会影响大多数主观评估因素（“熟悉和兴奋”除外）。实际远处声音的ΔR，脑电图α反应性和脑电图β反应性较低，SCL较高，相对于那些带有人工遥远声音的人。这些发现为政府和城市规划者改善城市生活质量提供了参考。