Using a functionally selective solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) as an anodic protection layer can effectively avoid the subsequent settlement of uneven lithium electrodeposits for lithium sulfur (Li-S) batteries. To address the issues of single functional, mechanical crushing and peeling of the conventional rigid LiF SEI, a unique functional-selected rigid-flexible-coupled LiF-intercalated-graphene (LiF-GN) SEI as anodic protection is constructed, which is verified by in-operando X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra. Owing to the synergistic effect of the LiF and graphene layer, this intercalated functional-selected SEI architecture exhibits a dramatic elastic modulus (rigid-flexible coupling with a shallow Young’s modulus (∼430 MPa) and a tremendous Young’s modulus of ∼20 GPa), high mechanical strength, and can be repulsive to polysulfides, accompanied unprecedented trafficability of Li ions. Consequently, the forceful exclusion of polysulfides from the LiF-GN SEI, as confirmed by means of in-situ UV/vis analysis, Li₂S nucleation tests, and visual permeation experiments, is of profound significance for the effective protection of Li anodes and enables Li–S batteries to achieve remarkable electrochemical performance (ultralow capacity decay rate of 0.022% during 300 cycles at 1 C and high discharge capacity of 1092 mAh/g at 0.5 C).

使用功能选择性固体电解质中间相（SEI）作为阳极保护层可以有效避免锂硫（Li-S）电池锂电沉积物的不均匀沉积。为了解决常规刚性LiF SEI的单一功能，机械破碎和剥离的问题，构建了一种独特的功能选择的刚性-柔性耦合LiF嵌入石墨烯（LiF-GN）SEI作为阳极保护，并通过腔内X射线光电子能谱（XPS）光谱。由于LiF和石墨烯层的协同作用，这种插层式功能选择的SEI体系结构显示出显着的弹性模量（刚柔耦合，具有较浅的杨氏模量（约430 MPa）和巨大的杨氏模量约20 GPa），机械强度高 并能排斥多硫化物，伴随锂离子空前的可运输性。因此，通过以下方法证实，从LiF-GN SEI中强行排除了多硫化物：原位UV / vis分析，Li ₂ S成核试验和目测渗透实验，对于有效保护锂阳极具有重要意义，并使锂锂电池能够实现卓越的电化学性能（超低容量衰减率为0.022％。 1 C下300次循环，0.5 C下高放电容量1092 mAh / g。