Chemical warfare agents (CWA) are stockpiled in large quantities across the globe. Agents stored in inaccessible facilities need to be destroyed rapidly without dispersing the compounds to surrounding areas. Metal-based energetic formulations are used in such prompt defeat applications to rapidly decompose the CWA by generating a high temperature environment. An alternate, and possibly a more effective decomposition pathway could be provided by chemicidal action of aerosolized condensed combustion products, which typically consist of metal oxides. Toxic fumes that escape the high temperature blast zone can be neutralized by smoke generated during combustion, depending on the particle size, surface characteristics, chemical properties, and concentration of this smoke. This review considers relevant experimental and modeling studies quantifying decomposition of CWA comprising organophosphorus compounds and their surrogates on the surface of various metal oxides. Dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), a sarine surrogate, was used most commonly for such experiments. Many reported efforts focused on the mechanisms of adsorption of DMMP to various metal oxides and initial reaction steps cleaving various bonds from the chemisorbed molecules. For selected oxides, these experiments were supported by quantum-mechanical calculations. In other studies, the capacity of oxide surfaces to adsorb and decompose DMMP was quantified. In most cases, porous catalysts were used although limited experimental data are available for aerosolized nonporous oxide particles. The reported experimental data applicable to scenarios involving prompt decomposition of CWA are summarized. It is noted that information is lacking describing respective heterogeneous reaction kinetics. Preliminary estimates of aerosolized smoke particle concentrations required to destroy CWA are made considering gas phase diffusion rates and reported values of the oxide capacity to decompose CWA or their surrogates.

化学战剂 (CWA) 在全球范围内大量储存。储存在难以接近的设施中的药剂需要迅速销毁，而不会将化合物分散到周围地区。基于金属的高能配方用于此类快速失效应用，以通过产生高温环境快速分解 CWA。另一种可能是更有效的分解途径可以通过雾化冷凝燃烧产物的化学作用提供，这些产物通常由金属氧化物组成。从高温爆炸区逸出的有毒烟雾可以被燃烧过程中产生的烟雾中和，具体取决于这些烟雾的颗粒大小、表面特征、化学性质和浓度。本综述考虑了相关的实验和建模研究，这些研究量化了包含有机磷化合物及其替代物在各种金属氧化物表面上的 CWA 的分解。甲基膦酸二甲酯 (DMMP) 是一种沙林替代物，最常用于此类实验。许多报道的努力集中在 DMMP 吸附到各种金属氧化物上的机制和初始反应步骤从化学吸附分子上断开各种键。对于选定的氧化物，这些实验得到了量子力学计算的支持。在其他研究中，氧化物表面吸附和分解 DMMP 的能力被量化。在大多数情况下，使用多孔催化剂，尽管可用于雾化无孔氧化物颗粒的实验数据有限。总结了报告的适用于涉及快速分解 CWA 的场景的实验数据。需要注意的是，缺乏描述各自多相反应动力学的信息。考虑气相扩散速率和报告的分解 CWA 或其替代物的氧化物能力值，对破坏 CWA 所需的雾化烟雾颗粒浓度进行初步估计。