Objective

To evaluate the safety of overnight orthokeratology (OK) wear and explore whether factors such as age, refraction and allergic conjunctivitis (AC) history were associated with corneal adverse events (AEs) incidence.

Methods

Medical records of consecutive patients who started OK for myopia correction and continued for more than one year were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical data including sex, baseline age, spherical equivalent refraction (SER), and related medical histories were retrieved. A total of 489 eyes from 260 patients (age: 8–15 years; SER: -1.00 to -6.00 D) were included. Corneal adverse events were the primary outcome. The generalized estimating equations model was used to evaluate the effects of sex, age, SER, and allergic conjunctivitis history on corneal AE incidence over the one-year period.

Results

A total of 111 eyes (22.7%) had corneal AE during the one-year follow-up (corneal staining [n = 106], corneal infiltration [n = 5]) and the incidence of significant AE was 6.9%. The corneal AE incidence was associated with age (OR = 0.874, 95%CI = 0.781–0.978, p = 0.019); SER (OR=0.632, 95%CI=0.531–0.754, p < 0.001); and AC (OR=1.706, 95%CI=1.017–2.860, p = 0.043). High refraction was the key risk factor for significant AE (OR=0.542, 95%CI=0.401–0.732, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Orthokeratology is a safe option for children with myopia. Younger age, higher myopia, and AC were risk factors for corneal AE in OK wearers. Whereas, only higher myopia was a risk factor for significant AE.

中文翻译：

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近视儿童角膜塑形术的安全性及相关因素分析[J].

客观的

评估夜间角膜塑形术 (OK) 佩戴的安全性，并探讨年龄、屈光度和过敏性结膜炎 (AC) 病史等因素是否与角膜不良事件 (AE) 发生率相关。

方法

对开始近视矫正并持续一年以上的连续患者的医疗记录进行回顾性审查。检索临床数据，包括性别、基线年龄、等效球面屈光度 (SER) 和相关病史。共纳入 260 名患者（年龄：8-15 岁；SER：-1.00 至 -6.00 D）的 489 只眼。角膜不良事件是主要结果。广义估计方程模型用于评估性别、年龄、SER 和过敏性结膜炎病史对一年内角膜 AE 发生率的影响。

结果

在一年的随访期间，共有 111 只眼（22.7%）出现角膜 AE（角膜染色 [n = 106]，角膜浸润 [n = 5]），显着 AE 的发生率为 6.9%。角膜 AE 发生率与年龄相关（OR = 0.874，95%CI = 0.781–0.978，p = 0.019）；SER（OR=0.632，95%CI=0.531–0.754，p < 0.001）；和 AC（OR=1.706，95%CI=1.017–2.860，p = 0.043）。高屈光度是显着 AE 的关键风险因素（OR=0.542，95%CI=0.401–0.732，p < 0.001）。

结论

角膜塑形术是近视儿童的安全选择。年龄较小、近视度数较高和 AC 是 OK 佩戴者角膜 AE 的危险因素。而只有高度近视才是显着 AE 的危险因素。