Abstract Soybeans (Glycine max L.) are one of the major row crops in the United States, particularly in Arkansas. The soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is one of the most damaging pests that can cause major economic losses in soybeans. Little is known concerning the combined effects of tillage [conventional tillage (CT) and no tillage (NT)], water management (irrigation and non-irrigation), residue burning (burn and no burn), and wheat residue level (high and low) on nematodes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the combination of agronomic practices (tillage, water management, burning, and residue level) on natural nematode population densities and change over the growing season in a long-term wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-soybean rotation on a silt-loam soil in Arkansas. A suite of 10 nematode genera were measured in the top 10 cm in July, August, and October in 2017 and 2018. Averaged across all other treatment factors, SCN egg concentration was 17.9 times greater at the end of the growing season in October than in July and August. The SCN second-stage juvenile (J2) population densities were 3.4 times greater in the CT-burn than in the CT-no-burn and NT-burn treatment combinations. In contrast to under CT, SCN J2 population densities were 3.8 times greater in the NT-no-burn than under the NT-burn treatment combinations. Lance, lesion, spiral, and stunt nematode population densities were also affected by various field treatment combinations. Traditional (i.e., tillage, residue burning, and irrigation) and alternative (i.e., non-tillage, no burning, and dryland) wheat-soybean management practices can influence nematode population densities even in non-problematic fields, thus potentially affecting long-term strategies to maximize soybean profitability.

中文翻译：

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阿肯色州东部长期小麦-大豆双作系统中残留物和水管理对线虫种群的影响

摘要 大豆 (Glycine max L.) 是美国主要的大田作物之一，尤其是在阿肯色州。大豆胞囊线虫（SCN，Heterodera glines Ichinohe）是最具破坏性的害虫之一，可对大豆造成重大经济损失。关于耕作[常规耕作 (CT) 和免耕 (NT)]、水管理（灌溉和非灌溉）、残渣燃烧（燃烧和不燃烧）和小麦残渣水平（高和低）的综合影响知之甚少) 线虫。本研究的目的是评估农艺措施（耕作、水管理、燃烧和残留水平）的组合对长期小麦（Triticum aestivum L. )-阿肯色州粉质壤土上的大豆轮作。在 2017 年和 2018 年 7 月、8 月和 10 月的前 10 厘米处测量了一组 10 个线虫属。在所有其他处理因素中，SCN 卵浓度在 10 月生长季节结束时比 10 月高 17.9 倍。七月和八月。SCN 第二阶段幼鱼 (J2) 种群密度在 CT 烧伤中比在 CT 不烧伤和 NT 烧伤治疗组合中高 3.4 倍。与在 CT 下相比，NT 不烧伤中的 SCN J2 种群密度是 NT 烧伤组合下的 3.8 倍。长矛、病斑、螺旋线和特技线虫种群密度也受到各种田间处理组合的影响。传统（即耕作、残渣燃烧和灌溉）和替代（即免耕、不燃烧、