Abstract The current study was objected to determine the effect of increased levels of manganese from manganese glycine (Mn-Gly) on ovarian cysts incidence and reproductive performance of multiparous Holstein dairy cows. Five hundred-seven multiparous Holstein cows (178 cows in second parity and 329 cows in third or greater parity) were blocked based on parity (2 or ≥ 3), body condition score (BCS), and previous lactation milk yield and randomly allocated to one of three treatments providing 0 (CON; n = 180), 40 (40 Mn; n = 178), and 80 (80 Mn; n = 149) mg of supplemental Mn/kg of DM from Mn-Gly. The experimental treatments were fed from calving to 100 DIM, and the CON diet in fresh and high-producing cows contained 64 and 46 mg of Mn/kg DM as MnSO4, respectively. Blood samples were taken from 50 cows in each treatment at 0, 14, 28, 42, 60, and 90 DIM for serum metabolites determination. A subset of 12 cows per treatment group was randomly chosen to measure whole blood concentration of Mn at 0 and 90 DIM. Milk yield and composition were recorded monthly up to 150 DIM. The evaluation of BCS was performed monthly. Ovaries from 50 cows per treatment were examined by transrectal ultrasonography at 43 ± 2 DIM to monitor ovarian structures. Days in milk at first service, pregnancy per artificial insemination (P/AI) at first and second service, pregnancy rate at 150 DIM, the number of service per conception, and days to pregnancy were recorded. Within the first 60 DIM, 24 cows were culled and no treatment effect was noted (P = 0.66). Relative to CON, cows fed 80 Mn had lower ovarian cysts incidence (P = 0.05; 17.5 ± 6.2 vs. 2.0 ± 1.9 %), and 40Mn cows tended to be have decreased ovarian cysts incidence (P = 0.1; 17.5 ± 6.2 vs. 7.6 ± 4.0 %). The percentage of follicles ≥ 3 mm diameter was not affected by treatments (P = 0.18). Cows fed 40Mn and 80Mn treatments tended (P = 0.08) to increase corpus luteum (CL) percentage on ovaries than CON treatment (72.0 ± 7.1 and 76.0 ± 6.7 vs. 56.0 ± 8.1%). The concentrations of serum glucose (P 0.1). No treatments effect were observed for days in milk at first service, P/AI at the first service, pregnancy rate at 150 DIM, the number of service per conception, and days open (P > 0.1). However, P/AI at the second service tended (P = 0.07) to increase by Mn supplementation to diets, as second service P/AI was 9.1 and 15.8% greater for 40 Mn and 80 Mn cows than CON cows. The changes of BCS were affected by treatments (P = 0.02), as the 80 Mn cows had smaller body condition losses during experimental period. Yield of milk tended (P = 0.1) to be higher for 40 Mn compared with CON (47.67, 49.0, and 48.71 kg/day for CON, 40 Mn and 80 Mn, respectively), but no difference was found between 80 Mn and CON. Increasing the levels of Mn in the diets (P

中文翻译：

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补充锰对泌乳早期荷斯坦奶牛卵巢囊肿发生率和繁殖性能的影响

摘要 本研究旨在确定甘氨酸锰 (Mn-Gly) 中锰含量的增加对经产荷斯坦奶牛卵巢囊肿发病率和繁殖性能的影响。根据胎次（2 或 ≥ 3）、体况评分 (BCS) 和以前的泌乳产奶量，将 507 头经产荷斯坦奶牛（178 头第二胎奶牛和 329 头第三胎或更高胎次奶牛）随机分配到提供 0 (CON；n = 180)、40 (40 Mn；n = 178) 和 80 (80 Mn；n = 149) mg 补充 Mn/kg 来自 Mn-Gly 的 DM 的三种处理之一。实验处理从产犊到 100 DIM，新鲜和高产奶牛的 CON 饮食分别含有 64 和 46 mg Mn/kg DM（以 MnSO4 表示）。在 0, 14, 28, 42, 60, 0, 14, 28, 42, 60, 和 90 DIM 用于血清代谢物测定。随机选择每个治疗组 12 头奶牛的子集来测量 0 和 90 DIM 时的全血锰浓度。每月记录的产奶量和成分高达 150 DIM。BCS 的评估每月进行一次。每次治疗 50 头奶牛的卵巢通过经直肠超声检查在 43 ± 2 DIM 下进行检查，以监测卵巢结构。记录第一次服务的牛奶天数、第一次和第二次服务时每次人工授精 (P/AI) 的怀孕率、150 DIM 的怀孕率、每次受孕的服务次数和怀孕天数。在最初的 60 DIM 内，24 头奶牛被淘汰，没有发现治疗效果（P = 0.66）。相对于 CON，饲喂 80 Mn 的奶牛卵巢囊肿的发生率较低（P = 0.05；17.5 ± 6.2 vs. 2.0 ± 1.9 %），和 4000 万头奶牛的卵巢囊肿发病率趋于降低（P = 0.1；17.5 ± 6.2 与 7.6 ± 4.0 %）。直径≥ 3 mm 的卵泡百分比不受治疗的影响（P = 0.18）。与 CON 处理相比，饲喂 40 Mn 和 80 Mn 处理的奶牛倾向于（P = 0.08）增加卵巢的黄体（CL）百分比（72.0 ± 7.1 和 76.0 ± 6.7 vs. 56.0 ± 8.1%）。血清葡萄糖浓度（P<0.1）。未观察到第一次服务的牛奶天数、第一次服务的 P/AI、150 DIM 的妊娠率、每次受孕的服务数和开放天数的治疗效果（P > 0.1）。然而，第二次配种的 P/AI 趋向于 (P = 0.07) 通过向日粮中添加锰而增加，因为 40 Mn 和 80 Mn 奶牛的第二次配种 P/AI 比 CON 奶牛高 9.1 和 15.8%。BCS 的变化受处理的影响（P = 0.02），因为在实验期间 80 百万头奶牛的身体状况损失较小。与 CON 相比，40 Mn 的牛奶产量倾向于（P = 0.1）更高（CON、40 Mn 和 80 Mn 分别为 47.67、49.0 和 48.71 kg/天），但在 80 Mn 和 CON 之间没有发现差异. 增加日粮中锰的含量（P