The effective prevention of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) needs to be explored, and the effect of preoperative pain on POCD remains unclear. We established a chronic pain model induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) and models of acute pain and anxiety without pain in mice that were subsequently subjected to partial hepatectomy surgery. Morris water maze (MWM) tests were performed to evaluate the learning and memory abilities of the mice. ELISA was used to measure IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in serum, and HPLC-MS was used to detect neurotransmitters in the prefrontal cortices and hippocampi of the mice. The results indicated that chronic pain induced by CCI might have significantly impaired the learning and memory abilities of mice, while acute pain and anxiety without pain only affected the memory abilities of mice. Perioperative acute pain increased the level of IL-1β in serum, and CCI might have increased the level of IL-6. CCI and acute pain increased dopamine (DA) levels in the cortex, similar to anxiety. Like anxiety, CCI increased 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Acute pain led to a decrease in the acetylcholine (ACH) level in the hippocampus. Our results suggest that acute pain and CCI-induced chronic pain might aggravate postoperative cognitive dysfunction via neurotransmitters and by changing the levels of inflammatory factors such as IL-1β and IL-6.

术后认知功能障碍（POCD）的有效预防有待探索，术前疼痛对POCD的影响尚不清楚。我们建立了慢性缩窄性损伤（CCI）诱导的慢性疼痛模型，以及随后接受部分肝切除手术的小鼠的急性疼痛和焦虑模型。进行莫里斯水迷宫（MWM）测试以评估小鼠的学习和记忆能力。ELISA检测血清中IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α，HPLC-MS检测小鼠前额叶皮质和海马中的神经递质。结果表明，CCI诱发的慢性疼痛可能显着损害了小鼠的学习记忆能力，而急性疼痛和无痛的焦虑仅影响小鼠的记忆能力。围手术期急性疼痛增加了血清中 IL-1β 的水平，而 CCI 可能增加了 IL-6 的水平。CCI 和急性疼痛增加了皮质中的多巴胺 (DA) 水平，类似于焦虑。与焦虑一样，CCI 增加了前额叶皮层和海马中的 5-羟色胺 (5-HT) 水平。急性疼痛导致海马中乙酰胆碱 (ACH) 水平下降。我们的研究结果表明，急性疼痛和 CCI 诱导的慢性疼痛可能会通过神经递质和改变炎症因子（如 IL-1β 和 IL-6）的水平来加重术后认知功能障碍。CCI 增加了前额叶皮层和海马中的 5-羟色胺 (5-HT) 水平。急性疼痛导致海马中乙酰胆碱 (ACH) 水平下降。我们的研究结果表明，急性疼痛和 CCI 诱导的慢性疼痛可能会通过神经递质和改变炎症因子（如 IL-1β 和 IL-6）的水平来加重术后认知功能障碍。CCI 增加了前额叶皮层和海马中的 5-羟色胺 (5-HT) 水平。急性疼痛导致海马中乙酰胆碱 (ACH) 水平下降。我们的研究结果表明，急性疼痛和 CCI 诱导的慢性疼痛可能会通过神经递质和改变炎症因子（如 IL-1β 和 IL-6）的水平来加重术后认知功能障碍。