Nanotechnology applications are increasingly utilized to improve crops. Besides their use as antifungal and antimicrobial agents, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are currently exploited to improve seed germination, plant development, and photosynthetic efficiency. In the current study, we evaluated the effect of biosynthesized AgNPs in the seedlings of Zea mays L., Trigonella foenum-graecum L., and Allium cepa L. AgNPs were biosynthesized in the blue gum (Eucalyptus globules) leaves and characterized by UV–Visible spectra, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopic analyses. The biosafety of the AgNPs was tested by cytotoxicity assay, antibacterial activity, and determination of MIC and MBC. The effects of biogenic AgNPs application at different concentrations (25, 50, 75 < and 100 mg L⁻¹) on seed germination, seedling growth, oxidative stress status, and antioxidant enzyme activities were studied. Applications of AgNPs significantly improved seed germination and growth of Z. mays L., T. foenum-graecum L., and A. cepa L. (p < 0.05). Notably, growth was stimulated by an increase in the concentration of AgNPs. Applications of AgNPs also enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase, peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase as well as glutathione and ascorbate contents, whereas the malondialdehyde content was reduced by increasing the concentration of AgNPs. The expression levels of antioxidant enzymes were upregulated in AgNP-treated seedlings compared with those of the control. Our study demonstrated that the application of silver nanoparticles significantly enhanced seed germination and antioxidant machinery and improved the early growth characteristics in both monocot and dicot crops.

越来越多地利用纳米技术来改良农作物。除了用作抗真菌剂和抗微生物剂外，银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）目前还用于改善种子发芽，植物发育和光合作用效率。在当前的研究中，我们评估了生物合成的AgNPs在玉米a，Trigonella foenum - graecum L.和Allium cepa L幼苗中的作用。AgNPs在蓝胶（桉树球）中生物合成。）叶片，并以紫外可见光谱，傅立叶变换红外（FTIR）和扫描电子显微镜分析为特征。AgNPs的生物安全性通过细胞毒性测定，抗菌活性以及MIC和MBC的测定进行了测试。研究了施用不同浓度（25、50、75 <和100 mg L ^-1）的生物AgNPs对种子发芽，幼苗生长，氧化应激状态和抗氧化酶活性的影响。的AgNPs显著改善种子萌发和生长的应用玉蜀黍L.，T.香草-胡芦巴L.，和A.洋葱L.（p <0.05）。值得注意的是，AgNPs浓度的增加刺激了生长。AgNPs的应用还增强了抗氧化酶的活性，包括过氧化氢酶，过氧化物酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶以及谷胱甘肽和抗坏血酸的含量，而丙二醛含量则通过增加AgNPs的浓度而降低。与对照相比，AgNP处理的幼苗中抗氧化酶的表达水平上调。我们的研究表明，银纳米颗粒的应用显着增强了种子的发芽和抗氧化剂机制，并改善了单子叶植物和双子叶植物的早期生长特性。