Rapid conversion of conserved land and cropland to non-agricultural purposes is threatening the ecological areas and dominant agricultural activities that are the main sources of livelihood in urban fringe areas of Addis Ababa City. The combinations of government policy, socioeconomic, demographic dynamics, and biophysical triggers have driven such transformation. However, the recent fast urban expansion and infrastructural development could have accelerated the severity and rate at which urban growth impacts the ecosystem and fertile agricultural land. Yet, little attention is given about their impacts on forest and farming communities in the western fringe areas of Addis Ababa during the recent past. This study, therefore, aimed at quantifying and analyzing the trends of the urban growth and its impacts on flora and agricultural land in Sebeta-Awas town using an integrated GIS tool, remote sensing technique, and Shannon entropy method. Landsat TM of 1986, ETM+ of 2002, and OLI of 2019 were used to produce land use/land cover (LULC) classes. Object-based classification technique was carried out to generate the LULC and to measure the changes in the urban land-use class within the satellite town in the year 1986, 2002, and 2019. Shannon entropy method was applied to model study area’s urban sprawl, growth trend, and spatial change. Over the past three decades (1986–2019), Sebeta-Awas town has experienced severe urban sprawl following lack of proper development control and management. The annual urban growth rates of 1.2, 5.5, and ~15% for the periods of 1986, 2002, and 2019, respectively were obtained mainly at the expenses of agricultural land (25.48%) and forest land (16.6%), catalyzed urban sprawl which finally led to serious deforestation and reduction in rural farmland. The findings indicate that the average of entropy index increased from 0.02 in the year 1986 to 0.996 in the year 2019, indicating more dispersed urban growth to the outskirts, and spatially indicating anticlockwise shifting. In this regard, more than 90.2% of forest loss due to agricultural encroachment, built-up area expansion, and construction was widely observed in Sebeta and Alem Gena areas, of course, Northeast zone in this study. It is concluded that deforestation and continual evacuation of farming communities in the urban fringe areas due to rapid urban expansion in the name of investment and infrastructural development is expected to be worsened in the near future unless strong policy revision and management actions are undertaken.

中文翻译：

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利用地球空间技术和Shannon熵方法对亚的斯亚贝巴市西部边缘埃塞俄比亚的卫星城镇的森林和农业用地城市发展进行时空分析

从保护区和农田到非农业目的的迅速转变正在威胁生态区和主要的农业活动，这是亚的斯亚贝巴市城市边缘地区主要的生计来源。政府政策，社会经济，人口动态和生物物理触发因素的结合推动了这种转变。但是，最近的快速城市扩张和基础设施发展可能加快了城市增长影响生态系统和肥沃农业土地的严重程度和速度。但是，在最近的一段时间里，它们对亚的斯亚贝巴西部边缘地区的森林和农业社区的影响却鲜有关注。因此，这项研究 旨在使用集成的GIS工具，遥感技术和Shannon熵方法量化和分析Sebeta-Awas镇的城市发展趋势及其对植物区和农业用地的影响。1986年的Landsat TM，2002年的ETM +和2019年的OLI被用于产生土地使用/土地覆被（LULC）类。进行了基于对象的分类技术，以生成土地利用变化量，并测量了1986、2002和2019年卫星镇内城市土地利用类别的变化。香农熵方法用于模型研究区域的城市扩张，增长趋势和空间变化。在过去的三十年中（1986年至2019年），由于缺乏适当的开发控制和管理，Sebeta-Awas镇经历了严重的城市蔓延。1986年，2002年期间，城市年增长率分别为1.2、5.5和〜15％，分别以农业用地（25.48％）和林地（16.6％）为代价获得了2019年和2019年，促进了城市扩张，最终导致了严重的森林砍伐和农村农田的减少。研究结果表明，平均熵指数从1986年的0.02增加到2019年的0.996，这表明城市到郊区的分散程度更高，而空间则表明逆时针方向变化。就这一点而言，在本研究的东北地区，在Sebeta和Alem Gena地区，由于农业侵占，建筑面积扩大和建设造成的森林损失超过90.2％。