An interturn short-circuit fault in the stator winding of an electric machine, denoted as turn fault, has been recognized as one of the most severe faults in permanent magnet machines, which require a swift and reliable detection, in order to implement appropriate mitigations. The asymmetry brought by a turn fault is widely used for fault detection. However, similar features also emerge in a less severe high-resistance connection (HRC) fault, which may lead to an incorrect fault identification. In this article, a more exclusive turn fault detection method with the ability to differentiate from the HRC fault is proposed. It injects high-frequency square-wave voltage signals and makes use of the difference in the high-frequency impedance under the two fault conditions. The sensitivity to the HRC fault is largely reduced. The proposed turn fault indicator is independent of the operating conditions and robust with respect to state transients. This method is validated in a fault-tolerant permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine drive.

中文翻译：

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基于高频电压注入的永磁电机定子匝间故障检测

电机定子绕组中的匝间短路故障，称为匝间故障，已被认为是永磁电机中最严重的故障之一，需要快速可靠的检测，以实施适当的缓解措施。匝间故障带来的不对称性被广泛用于故障检测。然而，在不太严重的高电阻连接 (HRC) 故障中也会出现类似的特征，这可能会导致错误的故障识别。在本文中，提出了一种更独特的转弯故障检测方法，具有与 HRC 故障区分开来的能力。它注入高频方波电压信号，利用两种故障条件下高频阻抗的差异。对 HRC 故障的敏感性大大降低。建议的转弯故障指示器独立于操作条件，并且对于状态瞬变具有鲁棒性。该方法在容错永磁辅助同步磁阻电机驱动中得到验证。