Background Sudan has one of the largest numbers of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in the world, estimated at five million. The main cause of displacement was the civil war. Attention to the health and in particular the mental health of IDPs has been lacking. That includes limited population longitudinal data describing the “natural” fluctuations of mental morbidity among these groups. The aim of this study is to investigate the level and stability of mental disorders among IDPs over a 1-year period. Method In this 1-year follow-up of IDPs in two settlement areas in central Sudan, 1549 persons 18 years or older were interviewed twice using the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Trained psychologists collected the data in a random household survey in the selected IDP areas. Results We found overall high stability among those having and those free of mental disorders in this 1-year follow-up study. There were, however, discernible and statistically significant increases in overall new cases of mental disorders from T1 to T2 as major depression increased by 1.4%, generalized anxiety by 2.8% and social phobia by 1.4%. Conclusion The study revealed continued high levels and increases of mental disorders over time, although with a pattern of substantial persistence among those initially ill and limited recovery. This might be due to a complex set of factors such as unavailability of mental health services, poverty, low educational level and social exclusion.

中文翻译：

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苏丹中部境内流离失所者精神障碍患病率变化：一年跟踪研究


背景 苏丹是世界上境内流离失所者 (IDP) 人数最多的国家之一，估计有 500 万。流离失所的主要原因是内战。对国内流离失所者的健康，特别是心理健康缺乏关注。其中包括描述这些群体中精神疾病“自然”波动的有限人口纵向数据。本研究的目的是调查一年内国内流离失所者精神障碍的水平和稳定性。方法 在苏丹中部两个定居点对国内流离失所者进行的为期 1 年的跟踪调查中，使用 MINI 国际神经精神访谈对 1549 名 18 岁或以上的人进行了两次访谈。训练有素的心理学家在选定的国内流离失所者地区进行的随机家庭调查中收集了数据。结果 在这项为期一年的随访研究中，我们发现患有和没有精神障碍的人总体上具有较高的稳定性。然而，从 T1 到 T2，精神障碍的总体新病例出现了明显且具有统计学意义的增加，其中重度抑郁症增加了 1.4%，广泛性焦虑症增加了 2.8%，社交恐惧症增加了 1.4%。结论 该研究显示，随着时间的推移，精神障碍的水平持续较高且有所增加，尽管最初患病且恢复有限的模式持续存在。这可能是由于一系列复杂的因素造成的，例如缺乏精神卫生服务、贫困、教育水平低和社会排斥。