In order to understand rice blast resistance gene patterns in rice landraces from Myanmar and Laos, we analysed the Pita, Pib, Pikh, Pi9 and Pi5 genes in 80 landraces through the use of functional molecular markers and functional fragment sequencing. These landraces were separated into four haplotypes (H1–H4) based upon three mutations identified in the Pita sequence. All four haplotypes were detected among landraces from Myanmar, whereas only the H1 and H2 haplotypes were detected among landraces from Laos. We additionally grouped landraces carrying 0–4 resistance genes into 18 genotypes based upon their resistance-susceptibility patterns and found that 16 of these genotypes were detected among Myanmar landraces at relative frequencies ranging from 2.50–12.50%, while 10 were detected among landraces from Laos at relative frequencies of 2.50–42.50%. The ‘Pib( + ) pikh(−) pi9(−) pi5(−) pita(−)’ genotype was found to be dominant, accounting for 12.5 and 42.5% of landraces from Myanmar and Laos, respectively. The Pib, Pikh, Pi5 and Pita genes were detected in 52.50, 32.50, 37.50 and 30.00% of landraces from Myanmar respectively, whereas they were detected in 52.50, 12.50, 30.00 and 17.50% of landraces from Laos, respectively. The Pi9 gene was rarely detected among analysed landraces and was particularly rare in those from Laos. These findings suggest that rice landraces from Myanmar are more genetically diverse than those from Laos, with clear differences in blast resistance gene patterns between landraces from these two countries.

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缅甸和老挝地方品种5个抗稻瘟病基因的分子分析

为了了解缅甸和老挝水稻地方品种的稻瘟病抗性基因模式，我们分析了皮塔饼,皮布,皮克,Pi9和Pi5通过使用功能分子标记和功能片段测序，对 80 个地方品种的基因进行了分析。这些地方品种根据在皮塔饼顺序。在缅甸的地方品种中检测到所有四种单倍型，而在老挝的地方品种中仅检测到 H1 和 H2 单倍型。我们还根据抗性-易感性模式将携带 0-4 个抗性基因的地方品种分为 18 个基因型，发现其中 16 个基因型在缅甸地方品种中检测到，相对频率范围为 2.50-12.50%，而在老挝地方品种中检测到 10 个相对频率为 2.50–42.50%。这 '皮布( + )皮克(-)pi9(-)pi5(-)皮塔饼(−)' 基因型占优势，分别占缅甸和老挝地方品种的 12.5% 和 42.5%。这皮布,皮克,Pi5和皮塔饼在缅甸的地方品种中分别检测到 52.50、32.50、37.50 和 30.00% 的基因，而在老挝的地方品种中分别检测到 52.50、12.50、30.00 和 17.50% 的基因。这Pi9在分析的地方品种中很少检测到该基因，在老挝的地方品种中尤其罕见。这些发现表明，缅甸的水稻地方品种比老挝的水稻地方品种在遗传上更加多样化，这两个国家的地方品种之间的抗稻瘟病基因模式存在明显差异。