Abstract Metasurface is a recently developed nanophotonics concept to manipulate the properties of light by replacing conventional bulky optical components with ultrathin (more than 104 times thinner) flat optical components. Since the first demonstration of metasurfaces in 2011, they have attracted tremendous interest in the consumer optics and electronics industries. Recently, metasurface-empowered novel bioimaging and biosensing tools have emerged and been reported. Given the recent advances in metasurfaces in biomedical engineering, this review article covers the state of the art for this technology and provides a comprehensive interdisciplinary perspective on this field. The topics that we have covered include metasurfaces for chiral imaging, endoscopic optical coherence tomography, fluorescent imaging, super-resolution imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, quantitative phase imaging, sensing of antibodies, proteins, DNAs, cells, and cancer biomarkers. Future directions are discussed in twofold: application-specific biomedical metasurfaces and bioinspired metasurface devices. Perspectives on challenges and opportunities of metasurfaces, biophotonics, and translational biomedical devices are also provided. The objective of this review article is to inform and stimulate interdisciplinary research: firstly, by introducing the metasurface concept to the biomedical community; and secondly by assisting the metasurface community to understand the needs and realize the opportunities in the medical fields. In addition, this article provides two knowledge boxes describing the design process of a metasurface lens and the performance matrix of a biosensor, which serve as a “crash-course” introduction to those new to both fields.

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用于生物医学应用的超表面：从纳米光子学的角度成像和传感

摘要 超表面是最近开发的纳米光子学概念，通过用超薄（薄 104 倍以上）平面光学元件代替传统的笨重光学元件来操纵光的特性。自 2011 年首次展示超表面以来，它们引起了消费光学和电子行业的极大兴趣。最近，出现并报道了超表面增强的新型生物成像和生物传感工具。鉴于生物医学工程中超表面的最新进展，这篇评论文章涵盖了该技术的最新进展，并提供了该领域的综合跨学科视角。我们涵盖的主题包括用于手性成像的超表面、内窥镜光学相干断层扫描、荧光成像、超分辨率成像、磁共振成像、定量相位成像、检测抗体、蛋白质、DNA、细胞和癌症生物标志物。未来的方向从两个方面进行讨论：特定于应用的生物医学超表面和仿生超表面设备。还提供了对超表面、生物光子学和转化生物医学设备的挑战和机遇的看法。这篇评论文章的目的是为跨学科研究提供信息和刺激：首先，将超表面概念引入生物医学界；其次，通过协助超表面社区了解医疗领域的需求并实现机遇。此外，本文提供了两个知识框，描述了超表面透镜的设计过程和生物传感器的性能矩阵，