Norovirus is the leading cause of nonbacterial foodborne disease outbreaks. Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) bind to histo-blood group antigens as the host receptor for infection. In this study, the inhibitory effects of fucoidans from brown algae, Laminaria japonica (LJ), Undaria pinnatifida and Undaria pinnatifida sporophyll, were evaluated against murine norovirus (MNoV), feline calicivirus (FCV) and HuNoV. Pretreatment of MNoV or FCV with the fucoidans at 1 mg/mL showed high antiviral activities, with 1.1 average log reductions of viral titers in plaque assays. They also showed significant inhibition on the binding of the P domains of HuNoV GII.4 and GII.17 to A- or O-type saliva and the LJ fucoidan was the most effective, reaching 54–72% inhibition at 1 mg/mL. In STAT1^−/− mice infected with MNoV, oral administration of the LJ fucoidan, composed of mainly sulfated fucose and minor amounts of glucose and galactose, improved the survival rates of mice and significantly reduced the viral titers in their feces. Overall, these results provide the LJ fucoidan can be used to reduce NoV outbreaks.

中文翻译：

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海带褐藻糖胶对诺如病毒的抑制作用。


诺如病毒是非细菌性食源性疾病爆发的主要原因。人类诺如病毒 (HuNoV) 与组织血型抗原结合，作为感染的宿主受体。在本研究中，评估了来自褐藻、海带(LJ)、裙带菜和裙带菜孢子叶的岩藻多糖对鼠诺如病毒 (MNoV)、猫杯状病毒 (FCV) 和 HuNoV 的抑制作用。用 1 mg/mL 的岩藻依聚糖预处理 MNoV 或 FCV 显示出高抗病毒活性，在空斑测定中病毒滴度平均对数降低 1.1。它们还对 HuNoV GII.4 和 GII.17 的 P 结构域与 A 型或 O 型唾液的结合显示出显着的抑制作用，其中 LJ 岩藻依聚糖最为有效，在 1 mg/mL 浓度下达到 54-72% 的抑制作用。在感染 MNoV 的 STAT1 ^−/−小鼠中，口服 LJ 岩藻依聚糖（主要由硫酸化岩藻糖和少量葡萄糖和半乳糖组成）可提高小鼠的存活率，并显着降低其粪便中的病毒滴度。总体而言，这些结果表明 LJ 岩藻依聚糖可用于减少 NoV 爆发。