Effective automated repair of internationalization presentation failures in web applications using style similarity clustering and search‐based techniques,Software Testing, Verification and Reliability

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Effective automated repair of internationalization presentation failures in web applications using style similarity clustering and search‐based techniques
Software Testing, Verification and Reliability ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-06 , DOI: 10.1002/stvr.1746
Sonal Mahajan ₁ , Abdulmajeed Alameer ₂ , Phil McMinn ₃ , William G. J. Halfond ₄

Affiliation

Companies often employ (i18n) frameworks to provide translated text and localized media content on their websites in order to effectively communicate with a global audience. However, the varying lengths of text from different languages can cause undesired distortions in the layout of a web page. Such distortions, called Internationalization Presentation Failures (IPFs), can negatively affect the aesthetics or usability of the website. Most of the existing automated techniques developed for assisting repair of IPFs either produce fixes that are likely to significantly reduce the legibility and attractiveness of the pages or are limited to only detecting IPFs, with the actual repair itself remaining a labour intensive manual task. To address this problem, we propose a search‐based technique for automatically repairing IPFs in web applications, while ensuring a legible and attractive page. The empirical evaluation of our approach reported that our approach was able to successfully resolve 94% of the detected IPFs for 46 real‐world web pages. In a user study, participants rated the visual quality of our fixes significantly higher than the unfixed versions and also considered the repairs generated by our approach to be notably more legible and visually appealing than the repairs generated by existing techniques.

中文翻译：

使用样式相似性聚类和基于搜索的技术有效地自动修复Web应用程序中的国际化演示失败

公司通常采用（i18n）框架在其网站上提供翻译的文本和本地化的媒体内容，以便与全球受众进行有效沟通。但是，来自不同语言的文本长度的变化可能会导致网页布局出现不希望的变形。这种失真，称为国际化演示失败（IPF），可能会对网站的美观或可用性造成负面影响。为协助修复IPF而开发的大多数现有自动化技术要么产生的修补程序可能会大大降低页面的可读性和吸引力，要么仅限于检测IPF，而实际的修复本身仍然是一项劳动强度大的手动任务。为了解决这个问题，我们提出了一种基于搜索的技术，可以自动修复Web应用程序中的IPF，同时确保页面清晰易读。对我们的方法进行的经验评估表明，我们的方法能够成功解析出46个真实网页中检测到的IPF的94％。在用户研究中，参与者对我们的修复程序的视觉质量的评价明显高于未修复的版本，并且还认为与现有技术相比，我们的方法所产生的修复明显更清晰，并且在视觉上更具吸引力。

更新日期：2020-09-06

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