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Mechanical and Non-Mechanical Functions of Filamentous and Non-Filamentous Vimentin.
BioEssays ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-06 , DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000078
Alison E Patteson 1 , Amir Vahabikashi 2 , Robert D Goldman 2 , Paul A Janmey 3
Affiliation  

Intermediate filaments (IFs) formed by vimentin are less understood than their cytoskeletal partners, microtubules and F‐actin, but the unique physical properties of IFs, especially their resistance to large deformations, initially suggest a mechanical function. Indeed, vimentin IFs help regulate cell mechanics and contractility, and in crowded 3D environments they protect the nucleus during cell migration. Recently, a multitude of studies, often using genetic or proteomic screenings show that vimentin has many non‐mechanical functions within and outside of cells. These include signaling roles in wound healing, lipogenesis, sterol processing, and various functions related to extracellular and cell surface vimentin. Extracellular vimentin is implicated in marking circulating tumor cells, promoting neural repair, and mediating the invasion of host cells by viruses, including SARS‐CoV, or bacteria such as Listeria and Streptococcus. These findings underscore the fundamental role of vimentin in not only cell mechanics but also a range of physiological functions. Also see the video abstract here https://youtu.be/YPfoddqvz-g.

中文翻译:


丝状和非丝状波形蛋白的机械和非机械功能。



由波形蛋白形成的中间丝 (IF) 与它们的细胞骨架伙伴、微管和 F-肌动蛋白相比,人们对它的了解较少,但 IF 独特的物理特性,特别是它们对大变形的抵抗力,最初表明其具有机械功能。事实上,波形蛋白 IF 有助于调节细胞力学和收缩性,并且在拥挤的 3D 环境中,它们在细胞迁移过程中保护细胞核。最近,大量研究(通常使用遗传或蛋白质组筛选)表明波形蛋白在细胞内外具有许多非机械功能。这些包括伤口愈合、脂肪生成、甾醇加工以及与细胞外和细胞表面波形蛋白相关的各种功能中的信号传导作用。细胞外波形蛋白参与标记循环肿瘤细胞、促进神经修复以及介导病毒(包括 SARS-CoV)或细菌(如李斯特菌链球菌)对宿主细胞的侵袭。这些发现强调了波形蛋白不仅在细胞力学中而且在一系列生理功能中的基本作用。另请参阅此处的视频摘要 https://youtu.be/YPfoddqvz-g。
更新日期:2020-10-22
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