The present study is a component of a major European research project, ICONZ (Integrated Control of Neglected Zoonoses). The objective of this component was to implement, and then evaluate an Integrated Control Intervention (ICI) against three dog transmitted zoonoses, namely rabies, visceral leishmaniasis, and cystic echinococcosis. This was undertaken in Sidi Kacem Province (northwestern Morocco) where 22 control and 22 treated douars (villages) were randomly allocated to two control and one evaluation interventions over a period of 13 months. Across the 44 douars, an overall total of 6922 dogs were registered, 4519 were vaccinated against rabies, and 2885 persons attended the complementary health education campaigns; whereas, within the 22 treated douars, 466 dogs received anti-sandfly collars (deltamethrin-impregnated) and 2487 were dewormed (praziquantel). Evaluation of the ICI, revealed that (i) a canine rabies vaccination coverage of 65.0% was achieved, (ii) the use of deltamethrin-impregnated collars for dogs provided highly significant protection (p = 0.01) against leishmaniasis infection of more than 44%, and up to 100% for dogs that had kept the collar until the end of the intervention, (iii) despite a non-significant difference (p>0.05), dog-deworming with praziquantel yielded a reduction in the rate of Echinococcus granulosus infection, and (iv) health education was successful in improving respondents’ knowledge; However, the target communities remained unconvinced of the necessity of changing some of their risky behaviours. Lastly, the estimated total cost of the global intervention, including its research components, was US$ 143,050, of which 67% was for disease control work with clear evidence of significant economies of scale due to targeting three diseases together. It appears from this study that the integrated control approach against the three zoonoses was effective on both economic and logistical levels.

本研究是欧洲主要研究项目ICONZ（被忽视的人畜共患病的综合控制）的组成部分。该组件的目的是实施，然后评估针对三种狗传播的人畜共患病（即狂犬病，内脏利什曼病和囊性棘球co病）的综合控制干预（ICI）。这是在西迪·卡塞姆省（摩洛哥西北部）进行的，在22个月中，将22个对照和22个处理过的杜鹃（村）随机分配给两个对照和一个评估干预措施。在44个犬种中，总共登记了6922只狗，为狂犬病疫苗接种了4519只，有2885人参加了补充健康教育运动；而在22个经过处理的斗犬中，466只狗接受了防虫蝇项圈（溴氰菊酯浸渍），而2487只则被驱虫了（吡喹酮）。对ICI的评估显示，（i）犬狂犬病疫苗接种覆盖率达到65.0％，（ii）溴氰菊酯浸入项圈对狗的使用提供了非常重要的保护（p  = 0.01）的利什曼病感染率超过44％，在手术结束前一直保持项圈的狗高达100％，（iii）尽管差异无显着性（p > 0.05），但狗驱虫与吡喹酮合用会降低细粒棘球E虫的发病率感染；以及（iv）健康教育成功地提高了受访者的知识；但是，目标社区仍然不确信必须更改其某些危险行为。最后，全球干预措施包括其研究组成部分的估计总费用为143,050美元，其中67％用于疾病控制工作，有明确证据表明由于将三种疾病共同定为目标，因此具有显着的规模经济效益。从这项研究看来，针对三种人畜共患病的综合控制方法在经济和后勤方面都是有效的。